미강의 $\gamma$-oryzanol 및 생리활성물질의 에탄올 추출공정 최적화

Optimization of Ethanol Extraction of $\gamma$-oryzanol and Other Functional Components from Rice Bran

  • 조인희 (경북대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 최용희 (경북대학교 식품공학과)
  • Jo, In-Hee (Department of Food Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choi, Yong-Hee (Department of Food Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University)
  • 투고 : 2009.12.17
  • 심사 : 2010.04.02
  • 발행 : 2010.04.30

초록

본 연구에서는 미강의 지용성 생리활성 물질인 $\gamma$-oryzanol과 그 모핵인 ferulic acid를 ethanol을 용매로 효율적으로 추출하고자 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 최적 추출 조건을 설정하였다. 중심합성계획법에 따라 추출조건의 독립변수를 시료에 대한 용매비($X_1$), 추출 온도($X_2$), 추출 시간($X_3$)으로 하고 이에 따라 영향을 받는 종속변수로 추출 수율($Y_1$), 총페놀 함량($Y_2$), 전자공여능($Y_3$), 미강의 지용성 생리활성물질인 ferulic acid 함량($Y_4$)과 $\gamma$-oryzanol 함량($Y_5$)을 설정하였다. 추출 수율은 추출조건이 시료에 대한 용매비 22.56 mL/g ($X_1$), 추출 온도 $78.19^{\circ}C$ ($X_2$), 추출 시간 522.15 min ($X_3$)일 때 최대값 42.03%를 나타내었다. 총페놀 함량의 최대값은 90.78 mg GAE/100 g이었으며, 이때의 추출 조건은 시료에 대한 용매비 21.26 mL/g, 추출온도 $94.65^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 567.97 min이었고, 전자공여능은 시료에 대한 용매비 20.20 mL/g, 추출온도 $81.89^{\circ}C$, 추출 시간 701.87 min일 때 최대값 54.72%를 나타내었다. 그리고 ferulic acid 함량의 최대값은 시료에 대한 용매비 5.22 mL/g, 추출 온도 $79.66^{\circ}C$, 추출 시간 575.24 min일 때 210.47 mg/100g이었고 $\gamma$-oryzanol 함량은 시료에 대한 용매비 5.10 mL/g, 추출온도 $81.83^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 587.39 min에서 최대값 660.39 mg/100g를 나타내었다. 실험결과 모든 종속변수들은 시간보다는 시료에 대한 용매비와 추출온도에 영향을 많이 받았다. 특히 미강의 지용성 생리활성물질인 ferulic acid와 $\gamma$-oryzanol은 온도가 약 $80^{\circ}C$보다 높아지면 추출함량이 감소하는데 이는 온도가 높아짐에 따라 추출용매의 증발과 같은 손실때문인 것으로 사료된다. 이들 특성을 모두 만족시키는 최적 추출조건은 시료에 대한 용매비 10.45 mL/g, 추출온도 $80^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 535 min으로 예측되었다. Ethanol 역시 isopropanol 과 같이 hexane의 대체용매로서 미강의 추출 용매로 적합하다고 사료된다.

We determined the optimum ethanolic conditions for extraction of $\gamma$-oryzanol and other functional components from rice bran, using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design was used to investigate the effects of the independent variables of solvent ratio ($X_1$), extraction temperature ($X_2$), and extraction time ($X_3$), on dependent variables including yield ($Y_1$), total phenolic content ($Y_2$), electron-donating activity ($Y_3$), ferulic acid level ($Y_4$), and $\gamma$-oryzanol concentration ($Y_5$). Solvent ratio and extraction temperature were the most important factors in extraction. The maximum yield was at 22.56 mL/g ($X_1$), 78.19C ($X_2$), and 522.15 min ($X_3$), at the saddle point. Total phenolic levels were little affected by solvent ratio or extraction temperature. The maximum concentration of extracted total phenolics was 90.78mg GAE/100 g at 21.26 mL/g, $94.65^{\circ}C$, and 567.97 min. A maximum electron-donating ability of 54.72% was obtained with the parameters 20.20 mL/g,$81.89^{\circ}C$, and 701.87 min, at the highest point. The maximum level of ferulic acid components was 210.47 mg/100g at 5.22 mL/g, $79.66^{\circ}C$, and 575.24 min. In addition, the maximum $\gamma$-oryzanol concentration was 660.39 mg/100g at 5.10 mL/g, $81.83^{\circ}C$, and 587.39 min. The optimum extraction conditions were a solvent ratio of 10.45 mL/g, $80^{\circ}C$ extraction temperature, and 535 min extraction time. Predicted extraction levels under optimized conditions were in line with experimental values.

키워드

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