Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Trends of Arsenic Maximum Levels on Agricultural Commodities and Processed Agricultural Products

농산물 및 농산가공품 중 비소 허용기준에 관한 국내외 동향

  • 백민경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 강원일 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 류지혁 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 김진경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 김미진 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 임건재 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 홍무기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 엄애선 (한양대학교 생활과학대학)
  • Received : 2009.12.18
  • Accepted : 2010.01.29
  • Published : 2010.03.31
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Abstract

Although concerns about Arsenic (As) contamination in agricultural foods have currently increased, there in on adequate international risk management standards for As particularly on agricultural commodities and processed agricultural products. This scenario holds true also in Korea. Australia, and New Zealand has determined the As maximum level (ML) but only on cereals grains which is based on total As contents. ln addition, Japan has regulated the ML based on trivalent As contents in agricultural commodities, which do not have legal restrictions. On the other hand, China has developed a systemic risk management to restrict the As contamination above MLs in agricultural commodities and processed agricultural products based on inorganic and total As contents. The establishment of an adequate analytical method for As specification in agricultural foods is essential to determine the acceptable level of As in agricultural food. Probabilistic approach may remove some uncertainties in calculating human risk assessment from As. It should be reviewed in terms of maximum levels to set the best scenario based on a realiability and availability to achieve effective As management on agricultural foods in Korea.

최근 농산물 및 그 가공품 중의 비소 오염도에 대한 우려가 높아지고 비소가 과다하게 검출되는 사례가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 이러한 상황에도 불구하고, Codex를 비롯한 많은 국가에서 위해 관리의 근거가 되는 식품 중 허용 기준이 미비한 상황이며, 우리나라도 소금과 캡슐에 대한 기준 외에는 식품 중 비소 기준이 전무하다. 호주(뉴질랜드)에서는 곡류에만 총비소 기준으로 1.0 mg/kg으로 설정되어 규제하고 있으며, 일본에서는 독성이 강한 3가 비소기준으로 설정해 놓았으나 이는 잠정허용기준으로 법적인 강제성을 가지지 못하는 권고수준이다. 예외적으로 중국의 경우 농산물에는 무기비소 기준으로, 농산가공품의 경우 총비소 기준으로 식품을 품목별로 구분하여 체계적이고 엄격한 위해 관리를 시행하고 있다. 향후 우리나라의 농산물 및 그 가공품에 대한 비소의 실효성 있는 관리 정책을 위해서는 독성이 강한 무기비소를 기준으로 허용기준을 설정할 필요가 있으며, 이를 위해서는 식품 중 비소의 화학종별 분석기술 개발이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 향후 우리나라에서 농산물 중의 비소에 대한 보다 실효성을 거둘 수 있는 위해 관리 방안을 설정하기 위해서는 우리나라 농산물 중 독성이 강한 무기비소의 함량에 대한 모니터링을 실시하고 이에 대한 확률적 노출평가를 실시하여 위해성을 평가하고 국가차원에서 보다 현실적인 규제영향 분석을 실시하되, 이러한 일련의 정책과정을 거치는 동안 대국민과 관련기관을 대상으로 위해 평가와 정책결정 논리를 투명하게 공개하는 등 합리적인 정책결정을 도출하는 것이 무엇보다 필요할 것이다.

Keywords

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