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Variation of Protein, Oil, Fatty Acid, and Sugar Contents in Black Soybean Cultivars According to Different Latitudes

재배지 위도차에 따른 검정콩의 조단백, 조지방, 지방산 및 유리당의 함량 변이

  • Hong, Seung-Beom (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Su-Jin (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Hak (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hwang, Young-Sun (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yoon, Kwang-Hee (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Sung-In (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Nam, Mi-Young (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Song, Lee-Seul (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Baek, In-Youl (Department of Functional Crops, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hyeun-Kyeung (Bioresources Development Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Choung, Myoung-Gun (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
  • 홍승범 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 이수진 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 김영학 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 황영선 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 윤광희 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 이성인 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 남미영 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 송이슬 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 백인열 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 김현경 (부산대학교 생명자원개발연구소) ;
  • 정명근 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과)
  • Received : 2010.06.10
  • Accepted : 2010.06.22
  • Published : 2010.06.30

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the variation of crude protein, crude oil, fatty acid, and sugar contents in five Korean domestic black soybean cultivars grown at different latitudinal locations, a high latitude, Suwon ($37^{\circ}$16'N) and a low latitude, Milyang ($35^{\circ}$30'N). The crude protein content was highest in Geomjeongkong # 3 (43.9%) and crude oil content was highest in Geomjeongkong # 4 (21.8%) among the five cultivars. Crude protein and oil contents in black soybean cultivars except Geomjeongkong # 4 were not significantly different between high latitude and low latitude. In most black soybean cultivars grown at high latitude, oleic acid content was higher, while linoleic acid, and linolenic acid contents were lower compared to low latitude. Sucrose content in Geomjeongkong # 3, raffinose contents in Geomjeongkong # 3, # 4, Ilpumgeomjeongkong, and Cheongjakong, and stachyose content in Geomjeongkong # 1 grown at low latitude was higher compared to high latitude. The variations of crude protein, crude oil and fatty acid contents seemed to be affected by genotype than growing locations according to different latitude as they did not show the significant interaction between cultivars and locations. In contrast, the variations of glucose, sucrose, and stachyose contents maybe affected by environmental condition as different latitude than the genotype because they showed the significant interaction between cultivars and locations.

국내 육성 검정콩 품종을 대상으로 기존 단순 재배지역 차이의 관점이 아니라, 작물의 생육환경에 영향을 줄 수 있는 위도 차이의 관점에서, 검정콩 종실 함유 조단백질, 조지방, 지방산 및 유리당의 함량변이를 검토한 결과, 검정콩 품종별 조단백질 함량은 검정콩 3호가 43.9%, 조지방 함량은 검정콩 4호가 21.8%로 품종 내에서 가장 높은 양상을 나타내었다. 그러나 공시된 검정콩 품종 중 검정콩 4호를 제외한 대부분의 품종에서는 재배지의 위도차에 따른 조단백질 및 조지방의 함량 차이는 없었다. 재배지의 위도 차이에 따른 지방산 조성의 변이는 고위도인 수원지역에서 재배한 검정콩 품종 대부분이 저위도인 밀양에서 재배한 품종보다 oleic acid 함량은 높았고, linoleic acid 및 linolenic acid 함량은 낮았다. 한편, 유리당 중에서 sucrose 함량은 검정콩 3호가, raffinose 함량은 검정콩 3호, 검정콩 4호, 일품검정콩 및 청자콩이, stachyose 함량은 검정콩 1호가 저위도에서 고위도 보다 높은 양상을 나타내었다. 따라서 위도에 따른 재배지역과 품종 간 조단백질, 조지방 및 지방산 함량 사이에는 상호작용이 없는 것으로 나타나, 이들 성분의 함량은 환경적 요인보다는 유전적 요인에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 당 함량에서는 glucose, sucrose, stachyose는 서로 상호작용이 있어 품종에 따라 위도별 재배환경이 유전적 요인보다도 크게 작용하는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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