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Status of Mixed Grain Diet by People with Diabetes in Jeollabuk-do and Sensory Evaluation of Different Composition of Mixed Grains

전라북도 지역 당뇨환자의 잡곡밥 섭취 실태 및 혼합비를 달리한 잡곡밥의 관능검사

  • Jung, Eun-Sun (DeungRyong RPC Research Institute) ;
  • Shin, Dong-Hwa (DeungRyong RPC Research Institute) ;
  • Doo, Jae-Kyun (DeungRyong RPC Research Institute) ;
  • Chae, Soo-Wan (Chonbuk National University Hospital Clinical Trial Center) ;
  • Kim, Young-Soo (Chonbuk National University Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials) ;
  • Park, Young-Min (Nutrition Care Services, Chonbuk National University Hospital)
  • 정은순 (등룡RPC연구소) ;
  • 신동화 (등룡RPC연구소) ;
  • 두재균 (등룡RPC연구소) ;
  • 채수완 (전북대학교병원기능성식품임상시험지원센터) ;
  • 김영수 (전북대학교바이오식품소재개발및산업화연구센터) ;
  • 박영민 (전북대학교병원 영양팀)
  • Received : 2010.04.01
  • Accepted : 2010.06.03
  • Published : 2010.07.31

Abstract

This study investigated the status of mixed grain diet by 68 people with diabetes living in Jeollabuk-do and performed sensory evaluation of different composition of mixed grains to improve the sensory characteristics based on the investigation. BMI of all subjects were measured and found that 61.7% were overweight. 94.1% of them ate mixed grains and females ate more mixed grains than males (p<0.05). Most males and females answered that they ate mixed grains for their health. Females added more mixed grains than males (p<0.01). More females (47.1%) than males said they would continue to eat mixed grains (p<0.05). 59% of them said they had eaten mixed grains for more than 3 years. 46.0% of them said they purchased mixed grains at a small mart near their houses. The mostly added grain to rice was black soybean (76.5%). RMGD-50 is composed of six mixed grains excluding nonglutinous rice and has the mixing rate of 50%. RMGD-40 has the mixing rate of 40%. Sensory evaluation was performed and RMGD-50 got lower score ($3.33{\pm}0.68$, $3.50{\pm}0.81$) than RMGD-40 in the appearances and color. RMGD-40 with Control 1 that includes more glutinous grains and Control 2 that is polished rice were compared. RMGD-40 got lower score than Control 1 in its appearances, smell and color, although there wasn't a meaningful difference. For the people with diabetes who are accustomed to mixed grains, the polished rice got the lowest score in moisture amount, gumminess and overall taste ($3.26{\pm}0.82$, $3.48{\pm}0.85$, $3.19{\pm}0.70$). It showed meaningful difference from RMGD-40 and Control 1 (p<0.01). Consequently people with diabetes preferred mixed grains that include more glutinous grains that have lower mixed ratio. So it is necessary to educate the people with diabetes about eating grains for better blood sugar management. Continual study and development of mixed grains that can help people with diabetes to control their blood sugar are necessary.

본 연구에서는 전라북도 지역에 거주하는 68명의 당뇨환자들을 대상으로 잡곡밥 섭취 실태를 조사하였고 이를 바탕으로 관능성을 개선하기 위하여 잡곡의 혼합비를 달리한 잡곡밥을 대상으로 관능검사를 실시하였다. 조사대상자의 BMI를 측정한 결과 전체 대상자 중 61.7%가 과체중 이상이었다. 잡곡밥 섭취실태를 조사한 결과 94.1%가 잡곡밥을 섭취하였고, 성별에 따른 섭취율은 여성이 남성에 비해 더 자주 섭취하였으며(p<0.05), 섭취이유에 대해서 알아본 결과 남녀 모두 건강에 좋아서 섭취한다고 응답한 대상자가 가장 많았다. 잡곡밥에 혼합하는 잡곡의 수는 여성이 남성에 비하여 더 많은 잡곡을 혼합하였으며(p<0.01), 지속적인 섭취 여부를 알아본 결과 '지속적으로 먹겠다'라고 응답한 여성이(47.1%) 남성(36.8%)보다 많았다(p<0.05). 잡곡밥 섭취 기간은 3년 이상 섭취 59%, 잡곡의 구입 장소는 집주변 소형마트 46.0%로 가장 많았으며, 흰밥에 가장 많이 혼합하는 잡곡은 검정콩(76.5%)으로 조사되었다. 멥쌀을 제외하고 보리, 현미 등 6가지 잡곡의 혼합비율을 50%로 만든 RMGD-50과 40%로 만든 RMGD-40의 비교 관능검사 결과 겉모양과 색깔에 있어 잡곡의 함량이 많은 RMGD-50이 상대적으로 잡곡의 함량이 적은 RMGD-40보다 낮은 점수를 받았으며($3.33{\pm}0.68$, $3.50{\pm}0.81$), 당뇨환자들은 잡곡의 혼합비율이 보다 낮은 잡곡밥을 더 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. RMGD-40과 찰성 곡물 함량이 많은 Control 1, 백미인 Control 2를 비교 평가한 결과 Control 1에 비해 RMGD-40은 겉모양, 냄새, 색깔에서는 낮은 점수를 받았으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 잡곡밥에 익숙한 입맛을 가진 당뇨환자들에게 백미는 질기, 씹힘성, 맛 항목에서 가장 낮은 점수를 보였으며($3.26{\pm}0.82$, $3.48{\pm}0.85$, $3.19{\pm}0.70$), 이는 RMGD-40 및 Control 1과 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.01). 결론적으로 당뇨환자들은 잡곡의 비율이 보다 낮고 찰성 곡물의 함량이 많은 잡곡밥을 선호하였다. 따라서 바람직한 혈당 관리를 위하여 당뇨환자들에게 곡류의 섭취에 대한 교육이 반드시 필요하며 당뇨환자들을 위하여 혈당관리에 도움이 되는 잡곡밥의 개발에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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