대한본초학회지 (The Korea Journal of Herbology)

  • 제25권4호
  • /
  • Pages.85-93
  • /
  • 2010
  • /
  • 1229-1765(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-7199(eISSN)
대한본초학회 (The Korea Association of Herbology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

천마(天麻)가 뇌조직출혈(腦組織出血) 흰쥐의 뇌부종(腦浮腫)과 Aquaporins 발현에 미치는 영향

Effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on Brain Edema and Aquaporin Expressions Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats

  • 이주용 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 구자승 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 이동은 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 신정원 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 김성준 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 손낙원 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학)
  • Lee, Ju-Yong (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Ku, Ja-Seung (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Eun (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Shin, Jung-Won (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Joon (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Sohn, Nak-Won (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University)
  • 투고 : 2010.11.12
  • 심사 : 2010.12.15
  • 발행 : 2010.12.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives : This study aimed at evaluation of the effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on brain edema and aquaporin water channel expressions in the brain. Methods : Brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Then ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma was treated once a day for 3 days. Brain edema % and water contents, and cell size of neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined. Immuno-histochemistry was processed for AQP4, AQP1, and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analysis. Results : 1. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced brain edema of ICH induced rats significantly. 2. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced excessive brain tissue water contents of ICH induced rats significantly. 3. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced cellular edema of neurons in cerebral cortex of ICH induced rats significantly. 4. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP4 immuno-positive area % in cerebral cortex and external capsule of ICH induced rat brain significantly. 5. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP9 immuno-positive area % in glia limitans externa of ICH induced rat brain significantly. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gastrodiae Rhizoma reveals protective effects against brain edema and cytotoxic edema of neurons by means of down-regulation of AQP4 expression in the brain.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 이병철, 유경호. 국내 뇌졸중의 역학. 대한의사협회지. 2002;45:1415-21.
  2. Xi G, Keep RF, Hoff JT. Mechanisms of brain injury after intracerebral haemorrhage. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5(1):53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70283-0
  3. Jorgensen HS, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Intracerebral hemorrhage versus infarction: stroke severity, risk factors, and prognosis. Ann Neurol. 1995;38(1):45-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410380110
  4. Shah QA, Ezzeddine MA, Qureshi AI. Acute hypertension in intracerebral hemorrhage: pathophysiology and treatment. J Neurol Sci. 2007;261(1-2):74-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2007.04.036
  5. Rincon F, Mayer SA. Novel therapies for intracerebral hemorrhage. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2004;10(2):94-100. https://doi.org/10.1097/00075198-200404000-00003
  6. McDonald C, Carter BS. Medical management of increased intracranial pressure after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2002;13(3):335-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1042-3680(02)00016-5
  7. Unterberg AW, Stover J, Kress B, Kiening KL. Edema and brain trauma. Neuroscience. 2004;129(4):1021-9.
  8. Xi G, Keep RF, Hoff JT. Pathophysiology of brain edema formation. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2002;13(3):371-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1042-3680(02)00007-4
  9. King LS, Agre P. Pathophysiology of the aquaporin water channels. Annu Rev Physiol. 1996;58:619-48. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.58.030196.003155
  10. Venero JL, Machado A, Cano J. Importance of aquaporins in the physiopathology of brain edema. Curr Pharm Des. 2004;10(18):2153-61. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612043384150
  11. 김호철. 한약약리학. 서울:집문당. 2001:391-3.
  12. 전국한의과대학 본초학교수 공편저. 본초학. 서울:영림사. 1991:504-5.
  13. 안덕균, 육창수. 天麻의 문헌 및 성분연구. 대한한의학회지. 1974;11:56-61.
  14. 박쾌환, 박동석, 강성길. 天麻수침이 항경련효과에 미치는 영향. 경희한의대논문집. 1988;11:15-35.
  15. 이일돈, 장경전, 송춘호, 안창범. 天麻수침이 진통 및 항경련 효과에 미치는 영향. 대한침구학회지. 1997;14(1):438-48.
  16. Kim HJ, Moon KD, Lee DS, Lee SH. Ethyl ether fraction of Gastrodia elata Blume protects amyloid beta peptide-induced cell death. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003;84(1):95-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00290-8
  17. Huang NK, Lin YL, Cheng JJ, Lai WL. Gastrodia elata prevents rat pheochromocytoma cells from serum-deprived apoptosis: the role of the MAPK family. Life Sci. 2004;75(13):1649-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2004.05.008
  18. Xu X, Lu Y, Bie X. Protective effects of gastrodin on hypoxia-induced toxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. Planta Med. 2007;73(7):650-4. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-981523
  19. Yu SJ, Kim JR, Lee CK, Han JE, Lee JH, Kim HS, Hong JH, Kang SG. Gastrodia elata blume and an active component, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol reduce focal ischemic brain injury through antioxidant related gene expressions. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005;28(6):1016-20. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.28.1016
  20. Jung TY, Suh SI, Lee H, Kim IS, Kim HJ, Yoo HS, Lee SR. Protective effects of several components of Gastrodia elata on lipid peroxidation in gerbil brain homogenates. Phytother Res. 2007;21(10):960-4. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2193
  21. Kim HJ, Lee SR, Moon KD. Ether fraction of methanol extracts of Gastrodia elata, medicinal herb protects against neuronal cell damage after transient global ischemia in gerbils. Phytother Res. 2003;17(8):909-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1246
  22. Kim HJ, Hwang IK, Won MH. Vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzyl aldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol prevent hippocampal CA1 cell death following global ischemia. Brain Res. 2007;1181:130-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.08.066
  23. Hsieh CL, Chen CL, Tang NY, Chuang CM, Hsieh CT, Chiang SY, Lin JG, Hsu SF. Gastrodia elata BL mediates the suppression of nNOS and microglia activation to protect against neuronal damage in kainic acid-treated rats. Am J Chin Med. 2005;33(4):599-611. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X0500320X
  24. Zeng X, Zhang S, Zhang L, Zhang K, Zheng X. A study of the neuroprotective effect of the phenolic glucoside gastrodin during cerebral ischemia in vivo and in vitro. Planta Med. 2006;72(15):1359-65. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-951709
  25. Rosenberg GA, Mun-Bryce S, Wesley M, Kornfeld M. Collagenase induced intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Stroke. 1990;21:801-7. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.21.5.801
  26. Abbott NJ, Ronnback L, Hansson E. Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006;7(1):41-53. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1824
  27. Wolburg H, Lippoldt A. Tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier: development, composition and regulation. Vascul Pharmacol. 2002;38(6):323-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1537-1891(02)00200-8
  28. Agre P, Kozono D. Aquaporin water channels: molecular mechanisms for human diseases. FEBS Lett. 2003;555(1):72-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01083-4
  29. Zador Z, Bloch O, Yao X, Manley GT. Aquaporins: role in cerebral edema and brain water balance. Prog Brain Res. 2007;161:185-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61012-1
  30. Denker BM, Smith BL, Kuhajda FP, Agre P. Identification, purification, and partial characterization of a novel Mr 28,000 integral membrane protein from erythrocytes and renal tubules. J Biol Chem. 1988;263(30):15634-42.
  31. Preston GM, Carroll TP, Guggino WB, Agre P. Appearance of water channels in Xenopus oocytes expressing red cell CHIP28 protein. Science. 1992;256(5055):385-7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.256.5055.385
  32. Agre P, King LS, Yasui M, Guggino WB, Ottersen OP, Fujiyoshi Y, Engel A, Nielsen S. Aquaporin water channels-from atomic structure to clinical medicine. J Physiol. 2002;542(Pt 1):3-16. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2002.020818
  33. Badaut J, Lasbennes F, Magistretti PJ, Regli L. Aquaporins in brain: distribution, physiology, and pathophysiology. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2002;22(4):367-78. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004647-200204000-00001
  34. Nielsen S, Smith BL, Christensen EI, Agre P. Distribution of the aquaporin CHIP in secretory and resorptive epithelia and capillary endothelia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993;90:7275-9. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.15.7275
  35. Elkjaer M, Vajda Z, Nejsum LN, Kwon T, Jensen UB, Amiry-Moghaddam M, Frokiaer J, Nielsen S. Immunolocalization of AQP9 in liver, epididymis, testis, spleen, and brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000;276:1118-28. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.3505
  36. Jung JS, Bhat RV, Preston GM, Guggino WB, Baraban JM, Agre P. Molecular characterization of an aquaporin cDNA from brain: candidate osmoreceptor and regulator of water balance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994;91:13052-6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.26.13052
  37. Manley GT, Fujimura M, Ma T, Noshita N, Filiz F, Bollen AW, Chan P, Verkman AS. Aquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces brain edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke. Nat Med. 2000;6:159-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/72256
  38. Papadopoulos MC, Verkman AS. Aquaporin-4 gene disruption in mice reduces brain swelling and mortality in pneumococcal meningitis. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:13906-12. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M413627200
  39. Papadopoulos MC, Manley GT, Krishna S, Verkman AS. Aquaporin-4 facilitates reabsorption of excess fluid in vasogenic brain edema. FASEB J. 2004;18:1291-3.