Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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The Study on Geology and Volcanism in Jeju Island (III): Early Lava Effusion Records in Jeju Island on the Basis of $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ Absolute Ages of Lava Samples

제주도의 지질과 화산활동에 관한 연구 (III): $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ 절대연대자료에 근거한 제주도 형성 초기 용암 분출 기록

  • Koh, Gi-Won (Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Institute of Environmental Resources Research, Department of Water Industry Promotion) ;
  • Park, Jun-Beom (US Army Corps of Engineers Far East District, Geotechnical and Environmental Engineering Branch)
  • 고기원 (제주특별자치도 환경자원연구원 물산업부) ;
  • 박준범 (미육군극동공병단 지반환경공학부)
  • Received : 2010.01.31
  • Accepted : 2010.04.09
  • Published : 2010.04.28
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Abstract

We report twenty data for early lavas erupted during the initial period of formation of Jeju Island on the basis of review on 539 data of whole-rock greochemistry and $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ age dating out of mainly core samples from 69 boreholes drilled in the lower land since 2001 and 66 outcrop sites. Out of 69 boreholes, the early lava flow units are identified from samples collected from Beophocheon (EL 235 m, 210 m deep), Donnaeko (EL 240 m, 230 deep), Donghong-S (EL 187 m, 340 m deep), 05Donghong (EL. 187.6 m, 340 m deep), Dosoon (EL 305 m, 287 m deep), Sangye (EL 230 m, 260 m deep), Mureung-1 (EL 10.2 m, 160 m deep), and Gapa (EL 17.5 m, 92 m deep), which are located in the southern and southwestern portion of Jeju Island. While, the well-known outcrops from Sanbangsan, Wolrabong, Wonmansa, and Kagsubawi are also reconfirmed. $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ age dating results of these lavas range from 1 Ma to 0.7 Ma, indicating that the data can be useful to constrain on age and geochemical characteristics of early lava effusion period in the formation of Jeju Island. Especially, samples with trachybasalt in composition collected from 143 m to 137 m, and from 135 m to 123 m below ground surface at 05Donghong hole have the oldest ages, $992\pm21$ Ka and $988\pm38$ Ka, respectively. This study suggests that in Jeju Island the first lava with trachybasalt in composition may have effused around 1 Ma ago, and the effusion style and chemical compositions of lavas must have changed to the formation of lava domes with trachyte-trachyandesite-basaltic trachyandesite and the eruption of lavas with alkali basalt and trachybasalt intermittently during the period from 0.9 Ma to 0.7 Ma ago. It also indicates that the initial lava flows below the ground are intercalated with or underlain by the Seoguipo Formation except for several exposed domal structure areas such as Sanbangsan and Kagsubawi, implying that the early lava effusion may have intermittently and sporadically occurred with nearby hydrovolcanism and sedimentation.

2001년부터 제주도 전역의 중산간 이하 저지대에서 시행된 69개 시추공으로 부터 획득된 시추 코어 용암류와 66곳의 노두에서 분석된 전암 암석화학 및 전암 $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ 절대연대 자료(539개)를 검토하여, 그 중 제주도 형성 초기 용암 분출 산물로 확인되는 20개의 자료를 보고한다. 시추공 중 남부와 남서부의 법호천공(고도 235 m, 섬도 210 m), 돈내코공(고도 240 m, 심도 230 m), 동홍S공(고도 263 m, 심도 270 m), 05동흥공(고도 187.6 m, 심도 340 m), 도순공(고도 305 m, 심도 287 m), 상예공(고도 230 m, 심도 260 m), 무릉1호공(고도 10.2 m, 심도 160 m), 가파공(고도 17.5m, 심도 92m)에서만 확인되었고, 노두 중에서는 이미 알려져 있는 산방산, 월라봉, 원만사, 각수바위 지역에서 재확인하였다. 이들의 $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ 절대연대 자료는 1 Ma-0.7 Ma를 나타내어, 제주도 형성 초기 용암 분출시기 및 그 지화학적 특정을 규제할 수 있다. 특히 05동홍공의 심도 143~137 m와 135~123 m 구간에서 조면현무암 성분인 용암으로 부터 각각 $992\pm21$ Ka와 $988\pm38$ Ka인 가장 오래된 연대를 보고한다. 이 연구는 제주도 형성 초기의 용암분출이 약 1 Ma 경 조면현무암질 용암 분출로 시작하여, 이후에 약 0.9-0.7 Ma 기간 동안 주로 조면암-조변안산암-현무암질 조면안산암 성분을 지닌 용암류의 용암 돔 형성 그리고 간헐적인 알칼리현무암 및 조면현무암질 용암의 분출로 진행하였음을 제시한다. 산방산, 각수바위 등 현재 지표에 노출되어 돔상 지형을 이루는 일부 지역을 제외하면, 초기 용암류는 지표 하에서 서귀포층에 협재하거나 피복하고 있음을 나타낸다. 이는 제주도 형성 초기 용암 분출이 간헐적이며 국지적이었고, 주변에서 수성화산활동 및 퇴적작용이 동시에 진행되었음을 지시한다.

Keywords

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