Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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The Rates of Synonymous and Nonsynonymous Substitutions in Sorbus aucuparia Using Nuclear and Chloroplast Genes

핵 및 엽록체 유전자를 이용한 유럽마가목에서 동의 및 비동의치환율

  • Huh, Man-Kyu (Department of Molecular Biology, Dongeui University)
  • 허만규 (동의대학교 분자생물학과)
  • Received : 2010.01.12
  • Accepted : 2010.03.08
  • Published : 2010.04.30
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Abstract

The rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions were studied for sequences of nuclear and chloroplast genes in Sorbus aucuparia. Results suggested that DNA evolution in this species had taken place, on average, at a slower rate in the chloroplast genes than in the nuclear genes: a rate variation pattern similar to those observed in eudicot plants. Within the nucleus, the synonymous substitution rates (Ks) (2.45-2.60) were two-fold higher than nonsynonymous substitution rates (Ka) (1.15-1.30). More notably, the values of Ks (1.20-1.26) were about six-fold higher than those of Ka (0.26-0.42) within the chloroplast genome. Ka/Ks ratios for nuclear and chloroplast genes of S. aucuparia had mean values of 0.178 and 0.056, respectively. A Ka/Ks ratio < 1 indicated negative (purifying) selection. The chloroplast genes had a lower effective number of codons (ENC) values (22.4-32.2) than those of nuclear genes (35.8-38.7). The analysis of the G+C content indicated that the chloroplast genes in this investigation had a higher preference for synonymous codons ending with A and T (G+C content range, 28.4-29.1%) where there was a slight bias toward codons ending with G+C (63.2-64.2%) in the nuclear genome.

유럽마가목에서 핵 및 엽록체 유전자의 서열을 이용하여 동의 및 비동의치환율을 산출하였다. 유럽마가목 엽록체 유전자의 서열은 핵 유전자에 비해 평균적으로 움진화가 느리게 일어나고 있음을 나타내었으며 다른 쌍자엽식물과 유사하였다. 핵에서 동의치환율(Ks)은 2.45-2.60이었으며 비동의치환율(Ka=1.15-1.30)보다 약 2배 정도 높았다. 엽록체에서 Ks는 1.20-1.26이었으며 엽록체에서 Ka (0.26-0.42) 보다 약 6배 높았다. 유럽마가목에서 핵 및 엽록체 Ka/Ks은 각각 0.178과 0.056이었다. 이 Ka/Ks의 비율이 1보다 작다는 것은 음의 도태에 있다는 것을 나타낸다. 엽록체 유전자는 유효유전자코돈(ENC)이 22.4-32.2로 핵의 값(35.8-38.7)에 비해 낮았다. G+C 함량 분석에서 엽록체 유전자는 동의코돈 A와 T에 대해 높은 선호성(G+C 함량은 28.4-29.1%에 불과)을 나타낸 반면 핵에서는 G와 C가 더 선호성을 나타내었다(G+C 함량은 63.2-64.2%).

Keywords

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