Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Chemical Composition and In vitro Digestibility of Appennine Pasture Plants Using Yak (Bos grunniens) Rumen Fluid or Faecal Extract as Inoculum Source

  • Tufarelli, V. (Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro) ;
  • Cazzato, E. (Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Bari) ;
  • Ficco, A. (CRA - Institute of Animal Breeding and Meat Production) ;
  • Laudadio, V. (Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro)
  • Received : 2010.04.14
  • Accepted : 2010.06.11
  • Published : 2010.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Pastures of the Apennines of Central Italy contribute to feed resources of high altitude (above 1,300 m sea level) grazing systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of faecal extract from the yak (Bos grunnienes) as an alternative microbial inoculum to rumen fluid for estimation of digestibility of several forage species. Forage samples produced at high altitude were tested in this study: four legumes (Lathyrus sativus L., Lotus corniculatus L., Onobrychis viciaefolia L. and Trifolium pratense L.), three forbs (Achillea millefolium L., Potentilla reptans L. and Teucrium flavum L.) and one grass (Brachipodyum pinnatum L.) were incubated with yak rumen fluid or faecal extract. A large variability in chemical composition was observed among the species collected. Rumen liquor and faecal samples were collected from adult healthy yak. The $Daisy^{II}$ incubator was used to evaluate the nutrient digestibility of forages using rumen liquor as control and faecal extract as alternative microbial inoculum sources. Filter bags containing samples of browse species were added to the four digestion vessels along with their respective inoculum and then incubated for 48 h and dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral and detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility was determined. There was a significant relationship between estimates, indicating that faecal liquor has the potential to be used instead of rumen fluid for estimation of in vitro digestibility of plants. It is concluded that the $Daisy^{II}$ incubator results are appropriate for the determination of in vitro digestibility of nutrients using faecal liquor to define the potential for adaptation of yak to new pastures.

Keywords

References

  1. Adesogan, A. T. 2005. Effect of bag type on the apparent digestibility of feeds in ANKOM DaisyII incubators. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 119:333-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.09.012
  2. AOAC. 2000. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 17th ed. Arlington, VA, USA.
  3. Bovolenta, S., M. Spanghero, S. Dovier, D. Orlandi and F. Clementel. 2008. Chemical composition and net energy content of alpine pasture species during the grazing season. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 146:178-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.06.003
  4. Dong, Q. M., X. Q. Zhao, Y. S. Ma, S. X. Xu and Q. Y. Li. 2006. Live-weight gain, apparent digestibility, and economic benefits of yaks fed different diets during winter on the Tibetan plateau. Livest. Sci. 101:199-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.11.009
  5. Goering, H. K. and P. J. Van Soest. 1970. Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agric. Handbook No. 379. ARS, USDA, Washington, DC.
  6. Holden, L. A. 1999. Comparison of methods of in vitro dry matter digestibility for ten feeds. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1791-1794. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75409-3
  7. Lattimer, J. M., S. R. Cooper, D. W. Freeman and D. L. Lalman. 2007. Effect of yeast culture on in vitro fermentation of a highconcentrate or high-fiber diet using equine fecal inoculum in a DaisyII incubator. J. Anim. Sci. 85:2484-2491. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2006-655
  8. Laudadio, V., G. M. Lacalandra, D. Monaco, T. Khorchani, M. Hammadi and V. Tufarelli. 2009. Faecal liquor as alternative microbial inoculum source for in vitro (DaisyII) technique to estimate the digestibility of feeds for camels. J. Camelid Sci. 2:1-7.
  9. Mabjeesh, S. J., M. Cohen and A. Arieli. 2000. In vitro methods for measuring the dry matter digestibility of ruminant feedstuffs: Comparison of methods and inoculum source. J. Dairy Sci. 83:2289-2294. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75115-0
  10. Mauricio, R. M., E. Owen, F. L. Mould, I. Givens, M. K. Theodorou, J. France, D. R. Davies and M. S. Dhanoa. 2001. Comparison of bovine rumen liquor and bovine faeces as inoculum for an in vitro gas production technique for evaluating forages. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 89:33-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00234-0
  11. Minson, D. J. 1990. Forage in ruminant nutrition. Academic Press Inc. San Diego, USA.
  12. Murray, J. M. D., A. Longland and C. Dunnett. 2008. Effect of yeast supplementation on the in vitro fermentation of hightemperature dried lucerne incubated with an equine faecal inoculum. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 146:149-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.11.004
  13. National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7th rev. ed. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
  14. Omed, H. M., D. K. Lovett and R. F. E. Axford. 2000. Faeces as a source of microbial enzymes for estimating digestibility. In: Forage Evaluation in Ruminant Nutrition (D. I. Givens, E. Owen, H. M. Omed and R. F. E. Axford). CAB International, Wallingford.
  15. Sarkar, M., H. H. D. Meyer and B. S. Prakash. 2006. Is the yak (Poephagus grunniens L.) really a seasonal breeder? Theriogenology 65:721-730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.06.013
  16. SAS. 2000. SAS/STAT Software: Changes and Enhancements through Release 8.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
  17. Spanghero, M., S. Boccalon, L. Gracco and L. Gruber. 2003. NDF degradability of hays measured in situ and in vitro. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 104:201-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(02)00327-9
  18. Tilley, J. M. and R. A. Terry. 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. J. Br. Grassl. Soc. 18:104-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x
  19. Tufarelli, V., E. Cazzato, A. Ficco and V. Laudadio. 2010. Assessing nutritional value and in vitro digestibility of Mediterranean pasture species using yak (Bos grunniens) faeces as alternative microbial inoculum in a $Daisy^{II}$ incubator. J. Food Agric. Environ. 8:477-481.
  20. Van Soest, P. J. and J. B. Robertson. 1985. Analysis of forages and fibrous feeds. In: Laboratory Manual for Animal Science 613. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
  21. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3592. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  22. Varadyova, Z., M. Baran and I. Zelenak. 2005. Comparison of two in vitro fermentation gas production methods using both rumen fluid and faecal inoculum from sheep. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 123-124:81-94.
  23. Wilman, D. and A. Adesogan. 2000. A comparison of filter bag methods with conventional tube methods of determining the in vitro digestibility of forages. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 84:33-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00110-3

Cited by

  1. Fezes equina como fonte de inóculo na obtenção de indicadores indigestíveis para estimar a digestibilidade em equinos vol.13, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402012000200010
  2. Potency of microbial inocula from bovine faeces and rumen fluid for in vitro digestion of different tropical forage substrates vol.67, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00841.x
  3. Partial replacements of Stylosanthes scabra forage for lucerne in total mixed ration diet of Saanen goats vol.47, pp.7, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0876-6
  4. Effect of replacing a commercial pelleted calf meal with lucerne leaf-meal on performance of neonatal and transitional Holstein heifer calves vol.58, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1071/AN16529
  5. The variation of the chemical composition of the main plant species in a subalpine grassland in northwestern Greece vol.1, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.23
  6. Patterns of genetic diversity and potential ecological niches ofStylosanthesspecies from northeastern Argentina vol.60, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20117
  7. The inventory of camel feed resource and the evaluation of its chemical composition in south‐east rangelands of Ethiopia vol.7, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.471