DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of total body irradiation-based or non-total body irradiation-based conditioning regimens for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in pediatric leukemia patients

소아 백혈병 환자의 동종 조혈모세포이식 전처치로서 전신방사선 조사 포함군과 비포함군의 비교

  • Kim, Sang-Jeong (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Han, Dong-Kyun (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Baek, Hee-Jo (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Yeon (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Nam, Taek-Keun (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Hwang, Tai-Ju (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Kook, Hoon (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Chonnam National University Medical School)
  • 김상정 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 한동균 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 백희조 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 김동연 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 남택근 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 방사선종양학과) ;
  • 황태주 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 국훈 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, 화순전남대학교병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2010.01.12
  • Accepted : 2010.03.02
  • Published : 2010.04.15

Abstract

Purpose : This study aims to compare the outcome of total body irradiation (TBI)- or non-TBI-containing conditioning regimens for leukemia in children. Methods : We retrospectively evaluated 77 children conditioned with TBI (n=40) or non-TBI (n=37) regimens, transplanted at Chonnam National University Hospital between January 1996 and December 2007. The type of transplantation, disease status at the time of transplant, conditioning regimen, engraftment kinetics, development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), complications, cause of deaths, overall survival (OS), and event-free survival (EFS) were compared between the 2 groups. Results : Among 34 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 28 (82.4%) were in the TBI group, while 72.7% (24/33) of patients with myeloid leukemia were in the non-TBI group. Although the 5-year EFS of the 2 groups was similar for all patients (62% vs 63%), the TBI group showed a better 5-year EFS than the non-TBI group when only ALL patients were analyzed (65% vs 17%; $P$=0.005). In acute myelogenous leukemia patients, the non-TBI group had better survival tendency (73% vs 38%; $P$=0.089). The incidence of GVHD, engraftment, survival, cause of death, and late complications was not different between the 2 groups. Conclusion : The TBI and non-TBI groups showed comparable results, but the TBI group showed a significantly higher 5-year EFS than the non-TBI group in ALL patients. Further prospective, randomized controlled studies involving larger number of patients are needed to assess the late-onset complications and to compare the socioeconomic quality of life.

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 소아백혈병 환자에서 이식 전처치로서 전신방사선조사(total body irradiation, TBI)군과 비방사선조사(non-TBI)군과의 이식 성적 및 예후를 비교하고자 하였다. 방 법: 1996년 1월에서 2007년 12월까지 전남대학교병원에서 조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 소아백혈병 환자 77명을 TBI군(n=40)과 non-TBI군(n=37)으로 나누어 각 군 간의 이식 유형, 이식 시 질병상태, 전처치 방법, 이식 세포 수, 생착 속도, 이식편대숙주반응(graft-versus-host disease, GVHD)의 발생빈도, 이식 합병증, 사망원인, 전체생존율(overall survival, OS)과 무사건생존율(event free survival, EFS) 및 후기 합병증을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 급성림프구성백혈병(acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ALL) 환자의 82.4% (28/34)는 TBI를 받았고, 골수계열 백혈병 환자의 72.7% (24/33)는 non-TBI 군이었다. 전체 환자를 대상으로 TBI 여부에 따른 5년 EFS은 두 군간 차이는 없었으나 (62% vs. 63%), ALL 환자에서는 TBI군이 non-TBI군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 우수한 5년 EFS을 보였다(65% vs. 17%; $P$=0.005). AML (acute myelogenous leukemia) 환자에서는 non-TBI군이 TBI군보다 더 높은 5년 EFS을 보였으나 통계적인 유의성은 없었다(73% vs. 38 %; $P$=0.089). GVHD 발생률, 생착, 사망원인과 후기 합병증은 두 군간 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 전처치로서 TBI군과 non-TBI군은 비슷한 결과를 보였으나, ALL환자에서는 TBI군이 non-TBI군에 비하여 유의하게 우수한 5년 EFS을 보였다. 두 군간 후기 합병증의 발생 및 사회경제적 삶의 질을 비교하기 위하여는 많은 환자를 대상으로한 전향적 무작위 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bach FH, Albertini RJ, Joo P, Anderson JL, BortinMM. Bonemarrow transplantation in a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Lancet 1968;2:1364-6.
  2. Santos GW. Bone marrow transplantation in hematologic malignancies: current status. Cancer 1990;65:786-91. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19900201)65:3+<786::AID-CNCR2820651326>3.0.CO;2-H
  3. Pui CH, Relling MV, Downing JR. Mechanism of disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia. New Engl J Med 2004;350: 1535-48. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra023001
  4. Ebb DH, Weinstein HJ. Diagnosis and treatment of childhood acute myelogenous leukemia. Pediatr Clin North Am 1997;44: 847-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70533-2
  5. Pui CH. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Clin North Am 1997;44:831-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70532-0
  6. Grimwade D, Walker H, Oliver H, Wheatley K, Harrison C, Harrison G, et al. The importance of diagnostic cytogenetics on outcome in AML: analysis of 1,612 patients entered into the MRC AML 10 trial. Blood 1998;92:2322-33.
  7. Goldman JM, Druker BJ. Chronic myeloid leukemia: current treatment options. Blood 2001;98:2039-42. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V98.7.2039
  8. Granados E, Camara R, Madero L. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: better long term event-free survival with conditioning regimens containing total body irradiation. Haematologica 2000;85:1060-7.
  9. Chou RH, Wong GB, Kramer JH, Wara DW, Matthay KK, Crittenden MR, et al. Toxicities of total-body irradiation for pediatric bone marrow transplantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996;34:843-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(95)02178-7
  10. Lu C, Braine HG, Kaizer H, Saral R, Tutschka PJ, Santos GW. Preliminary results of high-dose busulfan and cyclophosphamide with syngeneic or autologous bone marrow rescue. Cancer Treat Rep 1984;68:711-7.
  11. Davies SM, Ramsay NK, Klein JP. Comparison of preparative regimens in transplants for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:340-7.
  12. Clift RA, Buckner CD, Thomas ED, Bensinger WI, Bowden R, Bryant E, et al. Marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia: a randomized study comparing cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation with busulfan and cyclophosphamide. Blood 1994;82:2036-43.
  13. Hartman AR, Williams S, Dillon JJ. Survival, disease-free survival and adverse effects of conditioning for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with busulfan/cyclophosphamide vs total body irradiation: a meta-analysis. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;22:439-43. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1701334
  14. Thomas E, Storb R, Clift RA. Bone marrow transplantation (first of two parts). N Engl J Med 1975;292:832-43. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197504172921605
  15. Shulman HM, Sullivan KM, Weiden PL. Chronic graftversus- host syndrome in man. A long-term clinicopathologic study of 20 Seattle patients. Am J Med 1980;69:204-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(80)90380-0
  16. The Korean Pediatric Society. Tables for age structure and growth pattern of Korean children and adolescence in 1998. Seoul; Kwangmoon Co, 1999:52-3.
  17. Afessa B, Litzow MR, Tefferi A. Bronchiolitis obliterans and other late onset non-infectious pulmonary complications in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001;28:425-34. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1703142
  18. Hwang TJ. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: overview for general pediatrition. Korean J Pediatr 2007;50:613-21. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2007.50.7.613
  19. Rivera GK, Pinkel D, Simone JV, Hancock ML, Crist WM. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: 30 years' experience at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1289-95 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199310283291801
  20. Creutzig U, Zimmermann M, Ritter J. Definition of a standard- risk group in children with AML. Br J Haematol 1999; 104:630-9. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01304.x
  21. Creutzig U, Ritter J, Zimmermann M. Improved treatment results in high risk pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients after intensification with high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone: results of study Acute Myeloid Leukemia-Berlin-Frankfurt- Munster 93. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:2705-13.
  22. Stevens RF, Hann IM, Wheatley K, Gray RG. Marked improvement in outcome with chemotherapy alone in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: result of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council's 10th AML trial. MRC Childhood Leukemia Working Party. Br J Haematol 1998;101;130-40. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.1998.00677.x
  23. Park HS, Kim DW, Kim CC, Kim HK, Kim JS, Hwang TJ, et al. Induction chemotherapy with idarubicin plus N4-behenoyl- 1-beta-Darabinofuranosylcytosine in acute myelogenous leukemia: a newly designed induction regimen - a prospective, cooperative multicenter study. Semin Hematol 1996;33:24-9
  24. Ortega JJ, Diaz de Heredia C, Olive T. Allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation after consolidation therapy in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia in children. Towards a risk-oriented therapy. Haematologia 2003;88:290-9.
  25. Woods WG, Neudorf S, Gold S, Sanders J, Buckley JD, Barnard DR, et al. A comparison of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, autologous bone marrow transplantation, and aggressive chemotherapy in children with acute myeloid leukemia in remission. Blood 2001;97:56-62. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V97.1.56
  26. Gratwohl A, Brand R, Apperley J, Crawley C, Ruutu T, Corradini P, et al. Chronic Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia in Europe 2006: Transplant activity, long term data and current results. An analysis by the Chronic Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Haematologica 2006;91:513-21.
  27. Tutschka PJ, Copelan EA, Klein JP. Bone marrow transplantation for leukemia following a new busulfan and cyclophosphamide regimen. Blood 1987;70:1382-8.
  28. Heinzelmann F, Ottinger H, Muller CH, Allgaier S, Faul C, Bamberg M, et al. Total-body irradiation: role and indications results from the German registry for stem cell transplantation (DRST). Strahlenther Onkol 2006;182:222-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-006-1468-1
  29. Ricardi U, Filippi AR, Biasin E, Ciammella P, Botticella A, Franco P, et al. Late toxicity in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with TBI-containing conditioning regimens for hematological malignancies. Strahlenther Onkol 2009;185:17-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-009-1008-x
  30. Paivi M. Lahteenmaki, Chakrabarti S, Jacqueline M, Oakhill AH. Outcome of single fraction total body irradiation-conditioned stem cell transplantation in younger children with malignant disease. Acta Oncologica 2004;43:196-203. https://doi.org/10.1080/02841860310023471
  31. Eapen M, Raetz E, Zhang MJ, Muehlenbein C, Devidas M, Abshire T, et al. Outcomes after HLA-matched sibling transplantation or chemotherapy in children with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a second remission: a collaborative study of the Children's Oncology Group and the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. Blood 2006;107:4961-7. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-12-4942
  32. Socie G, Clift RA, Blaise D, Devergie A, Ringden O, Martin PJ, et al. Busulfan plus cyclophosphamide compared with total-body irradiation plus cyclophosphamide before marrow transplantation for myeloid leukemia: long-term follow-up of 4 randomized studies. Blood 2001;98:3569-74. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V98.13.3569
  33. Kroger N, Zabelina T, Kruger W, Renges H, Stute N, Kabisch H, et al. Comparison of total body irradiation vs busulfan in combination with cyclophosphamide as conditioning for unrelated stem cell transplantation in CML patients. Bone Marrow Transplantation 2001;27:349-54. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1702802
  34. Cohen A, Rovelli A, Bakker B. Final height of patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation for hematological disorders during childhood: a study by the Working Party for Late Effects-EBMT. Blood 1999;93:4109-15.
  35. Park EY, Baek HJ, Han DK, Lee SJ, Cho YK, Kim YO, at al. Final height of children after stem cell transplantation. Korean J Hematol 2007:42:382-91. https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2007.42.4.382
  36. Nishio N, Yagasaki H, Takahashi Y, Muramatsu H, Hama A, Tanaka M, et al. Late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009;44: 303-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2009.33
  37. Patriarca F, Poletti V, Costabel U, Battista ML, Sperotto A, Medeot, et al. Clinical presentation, outcome and risk factors of late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2009;4:161-7. https://doi.org/10.2174/157488809788167436

Cited by

  1. 소아백혈병의 전신방사선조사시 선량평가 vol.7, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2013.7.4.259
  2. 소아백혈병의 전신방사선조사 시 조직보상체의 두께변화에 따른 선량평가 vol.14, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2014.14.04.249
  3. 전신방사선치료시 산란체의 두께에 따른 선량측정 vol.8, pp.5, 2010, https://doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2014.8.5.265
  4. 전신방사선치료시 산란체의 두께에 따른 선량측정 vol.8, pp.5, 2010, https://doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2014.8.5.265
  5. Myeloablative Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with a Non-total Body Irradiation Regimen for Treating Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia vol.24, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2017.24.1.55
  6. Beam Spoiler-dependent Total Body Irradiation Dose Assessment vol.41, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.17946/jrst.2018.41.2.141