Carbon letters

  • 제11권4호
  • /
  • Pages.279-284
  • /
  • 2010
  • /
  • 1976-4251(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4998(eISSN)
한국탄소학회 (Korean Carbon Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Influence of Processing on Morphology, Electrical Conductivity and Flexural Properties of Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets-Polyamide Nanocomposites

  • Liu, Wanjun (Composite Materials and Structures Center, 2100 Engineering Building, Michigan State University) ;
  • Do, In-Hwan (Composite Materials and Structures Center, 2100 Engineering Building, Michigan State University) ;
  • Fukushima, Hiroyuki (Composite Materials and Structures Center, 2100 Engineering Building, Michigan State University) ;
  • Drzal, Lawrence T. (Composite Materials and Structures Center, 2100 Engineering Building, Michigan State University)
  • 투고 : 2010.10.22
  • 심사 : 2010.12.02
  • 발행 : 2010.12.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Graphene is one of the most promising materials for many applications. It can be used in a variety of applications not only as a reinforcement material for polymer to obtain a combination of desirable mechanical, electrical, thermal, and barrier properties in the resulting nanocomposite but also as a component in energy storage, fuel cells, solar cells, sensors, and batteries. Recent research at Michigan State University has shown that it is possible to exfoliate natural graphite into graphite nanoplatelets composed entirely of stacks of graphene. The size of the platelets can be controlled from less than 10 nm in thickness and diameters of any size from sub-micron to 15 microns or greater. In this study we have investigated the influence of melt compounding processing on the physical properties of a polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposite reinforced with exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP). The morphology, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of xGnP-PA6 nanocomposite were characterized with electrical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, AC impedance, and mechanical properties. It was found that counter rotation (CNR) twins crew processed xGnP/PA6 nanocomposite had similar mechanical properties with co-rotation (CoR) twin screw processed or with CoR conducted with a screw design modified for nanoparticles (MCoR). Microscopy showed that the CNR processed nanocomposite had better xGnP dispersion than the (CoR) twin screw processed and modified screw (MCoR) processed ones. It was also found that the CNR processed nanocomposite at a given xGnP content showed the lowest graphite X-ray diffraction peak at $26.5^{\circ}$ indicating better xGnP dispersion in the nanocomposite. In addition, it was also found that the electrical conductivity of the CNR processed 12 wt.% xGnP-PA6 nanocomposite is more than ten times higher than the CoR and MCoR processed ones. These results indicate that better dispersion of an xGnP-PA6 nanocomposite is attainable in CNR twins crew processing than conventional CoR processing.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Giannelis, E. P. Appl. Organometalic Chem. 1998, 12, 675. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0739(199810/11)12:10/11<675::AID-AOC779>3.0.CO;2-V
  2. Drzal, L. T.; Fukushima, H. "Expanded graphite, preparation of platelets, and nanocomposite products", Pat. Appl. Publ., U.S., 2004.
  3. Drzal, L. T.; Fukushima, H. "Expanded graphite and products produced therefore", Pat. Appl. Publ., U.S., 2006.
  4. Drzal, L. T.; Fukushima, H. Proc. 17th annual technical conference on American Society for Composites, 2002.
  5. Yasmin, A.; Daniel, I. M. Polymer 2004, 45, 8211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.09.054
  6. Kalaitzidou, K.; Fukushima, H.; Drzal, L. T. Carbon 2007, 45, 1446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2007.03.029
  7. Fukushima, H.; Drzal, L. T.; Rook, B. P.; Rich, M. J. J. Therm. Anal. Calori. 2006, 85, 235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-7344-x
  8. Miloaga, D. G.; Hosein, H. A.; Misra, M.; Drzal, L. T. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007, 106, 2548. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.25137
  9. Lu, J.; Drzal, L. T.; Worden, R. M.; Lee, I. Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 6240. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm702133u
  10. Pinnavaia, T. J.; Beall, G. W. "Polymer Clay Nanocomposites", John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England, 2000, Chap. 6.
  11. Krishnamoorti, R. MRS Bulletin 2007, 32, 341. https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2007.233
  12. Hunter, D. L.; Karena, K. W.; Paul, D. R. MRS Bulletin 2007, 32,323. https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2007.230
  13. Ryu, S. H.; Chang, Y. W. Polymer Bulletin 2005, 55, 385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-005-0437-7
  14. Gianelli, W.; Camino, G.; Dintcheva, N. T.; Verso, S. L.; Mantia, F. P. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2004, 289, 238. https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.200300267
  15. Dennis, H. R.; Hunter, D. L.; Chang, D.; Kim, S.; White, J. L.; Cho, J. W.; Paul, D. R. Polymer 2001, 42, 9513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00473-6
  16. Treece, M. A.; Zhang, W.; Moffit, R. D.; Oberhauser, J. P. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2007, 47, 898. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.20774
  17. Georga, R. E.; Cohen, R. E. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. 2004, 42, 2690. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.20126
  18. Fukushima, H. "Graphite Nanoreinforcements in Polymer Nanocomposites", Ph.D. Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A., 2003.

피인용 문헌

  1. Preparation and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Nanosheets via Pre-exfoliation of Graphite Flakes vol.33, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.1.209
  2. Workfunction-Tunable, N-Doped Reduced Graphene Transparent Electrodes for High-Performance Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes vol.6, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1021/nn203176u
  3. -acrylonitrile): Characterization and Its Epoxy Toughening Effect vol.32, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.21366
  4. Ion conducting properties of poly(ethylene oxide)-based electrolytes incorporating amorphous silica attached with imidazolium salts vol.39, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-012-0697-4
  5. Development of Cu-Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets (xGnP) Metal Matrix Composite by Powder Metallurgy Route vol.04, pp.04, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4236/graphene.2015.44010
  6. Melt processing and characterisation of polyamide 6/graphene nanoplatelet composites vol.5, pp.65, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA08509H
  7. Phenylethynyl-terminated polyimide, exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets, and the composites: an overview vol.19, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5714/CL.2016.19.001
  8. Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelet-Filled EPDM Vulcanizates vol.46, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-016-4935-1
  9. Enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding behavior of Graphene Nanoplatelet/Ni/Wax nanocomposites vol.5, pp.26, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TC01405H
  10. Investigation of the conductive network formation of polypropylene/graphene nanoplatelets composites for different platelet sizes vol.52, pp.22, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1413-y
  11. Fabrication of superrepellent microstructured polypropylene/graphene surfaces with enhanced wear resistance pp.1573-4803, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-3138-y
  12. The preparation of carbon nanofillers and their role on the performance of variable polymer nanocomposites vol.22, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2019.1565664