DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Nonlinear numerical modelling for the effects of surface explosions on buried reinforced concrete structures

  • Nagy, N. (MTC) ;
  • Mohamed, M. (School of Engineering, Design and Technology, University of Bradford) ;
  • Boot, J.C. (School of Engineering, Design and Technology, University of Bradford)
  • 투고 : 2009.09.18
  • 심사 : 2010.01.26
  • 발행 : 2010.03.25

초록

The analysis of structure response and design of buried structures subjected to dynamic destructive loads have been receiving increasing interest due to recent severe damage caused by strong earthquakes and terrorist attacks. For a comprehensive design of buried structures subjected to blast loads to be conducted, the whole system behaviour including simulation of the explosion, propagation of shock waves through the soil medium, the interaction of the soil with the buried structure and the structure response needs to be simulated in a single model. Such a model will enable more realistic simulation of the fundamental physical behaviour. This paper presents a complete model simulating the whole system using the finite element package ABAQUS/Explicit. The Arbitrary Lagrange Euler Coupling formulation is used to model the explosive charge and the soil region near the explosion to eliminate the distortion of the mesh under high deformation, while the conventional finite element method is used to model the rest of the system. The elasto-plastic Drucker-Prager Cap model is used to model the soil behaviour. The explosion process is simulated using the Jones-Wilkens-Lee equation of state. The Concrete Damage Plasticity model is used to simulate the behaviour of concrete with the reinforcement considered as an elasto-plastic material. The contact interface between soil and structure is simulated using the general Mohr-Coulomb friction concept, which allows for sliding, separation and rebound between the buried structure surface and the surrounding soil. The behaviour of the whole system is evaluated using a numerical example which shows that the proposed model is capable of producing a realistic simulation of the physical system behaviour in a smooth numerical process.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ABAQUS Analysis Manual, Version 6.5. (2005), Published by Hibbitt, Karlsson And Sorensen Inc. USA.
  2. ABAQUS Theory Manual, Version 6.5. (2005), Published by Hibbitt, Karlsson And Sorensen Inc. USA.
  3. Ambrosini, R.D., Luccioni, B.M., Danesi, R.F., Riera, J.D. and Rocha, M.M. (2002), "Size of craters produced by explosive charges on or above the ground surface", Shock Waves, 12, 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-002-0136-3
  4. Ambrosini, D., Luccioni, B. and Danesi, R. (2004), "Influence of the soil properties on craters produced by explosions on the soil surface", Mechanica Computacional, XXIII.
  5. Baylot, J.T. (1992), "Parameters affecting loads on buried structures subjected to localized blast effects", U.S.A.E.W.E.S. Technical report SL-92-9, Vicksburg, Miss., US.
  6. Bulson, P.S. (1997), Explosive Loading of Engineering Structures, Spon Press, London.
  7. Casadei, F., Halleux, J.P., Sala, A. and Chille, F. (2001), "Transient fluid-structure interaction algorithms for large industrial applications", Comput. Method. Appl. M., 190(24-25), 3081-3110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(00)00383-2
  8. Chen, H.L., Shah, S.P. and Keer, L.M. (1990), "Dynamic response of shallow buried cylindrical structures", J. Eng. Mech., 116(1), 152-171. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1990)116:1(152)
  9. Chen, W.F. and Mizuno, E. (1990), Nonlinear analysis in soil mechanics theory and implementation, Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V. 672.
  10. Drucker, D.C. and Prager, W. (1952), "Soil mechanics and plastic analysis or limit design", Q. Appl. Math., 10, 157-165. https://doi.org/10.1090/qam/48291
  11. Formby, S. and Wharton, R.K. (1996), "Blast characteristics and TNT equivalence values for some commercial explosives detonated at ground level", J. Hazard. Mater., 50(2-3), 183-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(96)01791-8
  12. Helwany, S. (2007), Applied soil mechanics with ABAQUS' applications, Hoboken, New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  13. Henrych, J. (1979), The dynamics of explosion and its use, New York, USA, Elsevier.
  14. Hinman, E.E. (1989a), "Effect of deformation on the shock response of buried structures subject to explosions", Structures under shock and impact, Elservier, 455-465.
  15. Hinman, E.E. (1989b), "Shock Response Of Buried Structures Subject To Blast", Structures For Enhanced Safety And Physical Security, Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers, New York, 191-202.
  16. Hu, Y. and Randolph, M.F. (1998), "A practical numerical approach for large deformation problems in soil", Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech., 22(5), 327-350. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199805)22:5<327::AID-NAG920>3.0.CO;2-X
  17. Jankowiak, T. and odygowski, T. (2005), "Identification of parameters of concrete damage plasticity constitutive mode", Found. Civil Environ. Eng., 6, 53-69.
  18. Kanarachos, A. and Provatidis, C.H. (1998), "Determination of buried structure loads due to blast explosions", Structures under Shock and Impact, 95-104.
  19. Kim, T.H., Lee, K.M., Chung, K.M. and Shin, H.M. (2005), "Seismic damage assessment of reinforced concrete bridge columns", Eng. Struct., 27(4), 576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.11.016
  20. Kinney, G.F. and Graham, K.J. (1985), Explosive shocks in air, 2nd Edition, New York, Springer Verlag.
  21. Lee, E.L., Hornig, H.C. and Kury, J.W. (1968), Adiabatic expansion of high explosive detonation products, Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, UCRL-50422.
  22. Lee, E., Finger, M. and Collins, W. (1973), JWL equations of state coefficient for high explosives, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, Calif, UCID-16189.
  23. Leppänen, J. and Gylltoft, K. (2003), "Concrete Structures Subjected to Blast and Fragment Impacts", J. Nordic. Concrete Res., 29, 65-84.
  24. Lee, J. and Fenves, G.L. (1998), "Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures", J. Eng. Mech., 124(8), 892-900. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1998)124:8(892)
  25. Lu, Y. and Wang, Z. (2006), "Characterization of structural effects from above-ground explosion using coupled numerical simulation", Comput. Struct., 84(28), 1729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2006.05.002
  26. Lu, Y., Wang, Z. and Chong, K. (2005), "A comparative study of buried structure in soil subjected to blast load using 2D and 3D numerical simulations", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 25(4), 275-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2005.02.007
  27. Lubliner, J., Oliver, J., Oller, S. and Oñate, E. (1989), "A plastic-damage model for concrete", Int. J. Solids Struct., 25(3), 229-326.
  28. MIL-HDBK-1007/3, (1997), Soil dynamics and special design aspects, Department of Defence, US Army NFESC.
  29. Mueller, C.M. (1986), Shear friction test support programme; laboratory friction test results for WES flume sand against steel and grout, Report 3, USAE WES, Technical report SL-86-20, Vicksburg, Miss.
  30. Nagy, N. (2007), Dynamic soil structure interaction of buried concrete structures under the effect of blast loads, PhD thesis, University of Bradford.
  31. Nagy, N., Mohamed, M. and Boot, J. (2007), "Numerical investigation of surface explosion effects on clay soils", Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering. Thessaloniki, Greece.
  32. O'Daniel, J.L. and Krauthammer, T. (1997), "Assessment of numerical simulation capabilities for mediumstructure interaction systems under explosive loads", Comput. Struct., 63(5), 875-887. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00409-9
  33. Smith, P.D. and Hetherington, J.G. (1994), Blast and ballistic loading of structures, Butterworth and Heinemann Ltd Oxford.
  34. Stevens, D.J. and Krauthammer, T. (1988), "A finite difference / finite element approach to dynamic soil structure interaction modeling", Comput. Struct., 29(2), 199-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(88)90253-2
  35. Stevens, D.J., Krauthammer, T. and Chandra, D. (1991), "Analysis of blast-loaded, buried arch response", Part II: Application, J. Struct. Eng. - ASCE, 117(1), 213-234.
  36. TM 5-855-1 (1986), Fundamental of protective design for conventional weapons, Vicksburg, US, US Army Engineers Waterways Experimental Station.
  37. Wang, Z.Q., Lu, Y., Hao, H. and Chong, K. (2005), "A full coupled numerical analysis approach for buried structures subjected to subsurface blast", Comput. Struct., 83(4-5), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.08.014
  38. Wang, Z., Hao, H. and Lu, Y. (2004), "A three-phase soil model for simulating stress wave propagation due to blast loading", Int. J. Numer. Anal. Met. Geomech., 28(1), 33-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.325
  39. Weidlinger, P. and Hinman, E. (1988), "Analysis of underground protective structures", J. Struct. Eng., 114(7), 1658-1673. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:7(1658)
  40. Zhang, Y.D., Fang, Q. and Liu, J.C. (2002), "Experimental and numerical investigations into responses of buries RC frames subjected to impulsive loading", Structures under shock and impact VII, Elservier, 69-78.
  41. Zimmerman, H., Cooper, G., Carney, J. and Ito, Y. (1990a), Cratering and ground shock environment prediction of buried armor piercing bomb in dry Socorro plaster sand, Technical Report CRT-3295-010-01, California Research and Technology, Chattsworth Calif.
  42. Zimmerman, H., Cooper, G., Carney, J. and Ito, Y. (1990b), Cratering and ground shock environment prediction of buried armor piercing bomb in 3% AFV fort knox clay backfill, Technical Report CRT-3295-010-02, California Research and Technology, Chattsworth Calif.
  43. Yang, Z. (1997), "Finite element simulation of response of buried shelters to blast loadings", Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 24, 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-874X(96)00033-9

피인용 문헌

  1. The application of CFRP to strengthen buried steel pipelines against subsurface explosion vol.87, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.04.009
  2. A high strain-rate constitutive model for sand and its application in finite-element analysis of tunnels subjected to blast vol.37, pp.15, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2153
  3. Effect of the soil type on the dynamic response of a tunnel under surface detonation vol.52, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010508216030175
  4. Field testing and numerical modeling of a low-fill box culvert under a flexible pavement subjected to traffic loading vol.11, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.11.5.625
  5. A parametric study on the mechanical performance of buried X65 steel pipelines under subsurface detonation vol.15, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2014.12.013
  6. Numerical study of the depth and cross-sectional shape of tunnel under surface explosion vol.47, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.01.003
  7. Numerical study of performance of soil-steel bridge during soil backfilling vol.42, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.42.4.571
  8. Embedded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer rod in reinforced concrete frame and ultra-high-performance concrete frame joints vol.11, pp.suppl1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40091-019-00253-7
  9. Monte Carlo analysis of the induced cracked zone by single-hole rock explosion vol.21, pp.3, 2010, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.3.289
  10. ABAQUS modeling for post-tensioned reinforced concrete beams vol.30, pp.None, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101273
  11. Protection of buried rigid pipes using geogrid-reinforced soil systems subjected to cyclic loading vol.135, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106210
  12. SEISMIC BARRIERS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST SURFACE AND HEADWAVES: MULTIPLE SCATTERS AND METAMATERIALS vol.56, pp.6, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3103/s0025654421060133
  13. Surface and Buried Explosions: An Explorative Review with Recent Advances vol.28, pp.7, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-021-09553-2
  14. An evaluation on effects of surface explosion on underground tunnel; availability of ABAQUS Finite element method vol.120, pp.None, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104306
  15. Dynamic Response of Underground Tunnel in Soft Soil under Surface and Subsurface Explosion vol.27, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000663