Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Energy-based damage index for steel structures

  • Bojorquez, E. (Fac. de Ing., Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa) ;
  • Reyes-Salazar, A. (Fac. de Ing., Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa) ;
  • Teran-Gilmore, A. (Departamento de Materiales, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana) ;
  • Ruiz, S.E. (Instituto de Ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico)
  • Received : 2009.10.30
  • Accepted : 2010.06.16
  • Published : 2010.07.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Ample research effort has been oriented into developing damage indices with the aim of estimating in a reasonable manner the consequences, in terms of structural damage and deterioration, of severe plastic cycling. Although several studies have been devoted to calibrate damage indices for steel and reinforced concrete members; currently, there is a challenge to study and calibrate the use of such indices for the practical evaluation of complex structures. The aim of this paper is to introduce an energy-based damage index for multi-degree-of-freedom steel buildings that accounts explicitly for the effects of cumulative plastic deformation demands. The model has been developed by complementing the results obtained from experimental testing of steel members with those derived from analytical studies regarding the distribution of plastic demands on several steel frames designed according to the Mexico City Building Code. It is concluded that the approach discussed herein is a promising tool for practical structural evaluation of framed structures subjected to large energy demands.

Keywords

References

  1. Akbas, B. (1997), "Energy-based earthquake resistant design of steel moment resisting frames", Ph.D thesis, Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology.
  2. Akbas, B., Shen, J. and Hao, H. (2001), "Energy approach in performance-based design of steel moment resisting frames for basic safety objective", Struct. Des. Tall Build., 10(8), 193-217. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.172
  3. Akiyama, H. (1985), Earthquake-resistant limit-state design for buildings, University of Tokyo Press.
  4. Arias, A. (1970), "A measure of earthquake intensity", Seismic Design for Nuclear Power Plants, Eds. Hansen, R.J., MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 438-483.
  5. Arroyo, D. and Ordaz, M. (2007), "Hysteretic energy demands for SDOF systems subjected to narrow band earthquake ground motions. Applications to the lake bed zone of Mexico City", J. Earthq. Eng., 11(2), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460601123131
  6. Bojorquez, E. and Ruiz, S.E. (2004), "Strength reduction factors for the valley of Mexico taking into account low cycle fatigue effects", 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, Canada.
  7. Bojorquez, E, Diaz, M.A., Ruiz, S.E. and Teran-Gilmore, A. (2006), "Correlation between local and global cyclic structural capacity of SMR frames", First European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Geneva Switzerland.
  8. Bojorquez, E., Ruiz, S.E. and Teran-Gilmore, A. (2008a), "Reliability-based evaluation of steel structures using energy concepts", Eng. Struct., 30(6), 1745-1759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.11.014
  9. Bojorquez, E., Teran-Gilmore, A. Ruiz, S.E. and Reyes-Salazar, A. (2008b), "Evaluation of structural reliability of steel frames considering cumulative damage", The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China.
  10. Bojorquez, E. and Rivera, J.L. (2008), "Effects of degrading models for ductility and dissipated hysteretic energy in uniform annual failure rate spectra", The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China.
  11. Bojorquez, E., Teran-Gilmore A., Bojorquez J. and Ruiz, S.E. (2009), "Explicit consideration of cumulative damage for seismic design of structures through ductility reduction factors", Revista de Ingenieria Sismica (Sociedad Mexicana de Ingenieria Sismica), 80, 31-62.
  12. Bozorgnia, Y. and Bertero, V.V. (2001), "Improved shaking and damage parameters for post-earthquake applications", Proceedings of the SMIP01 Seminar on Utilization of Strong-Motion Data, Los Angeles, California.
  13. Brescia, M., Landolfo, R., Mammana, O., Iannone, F., Piluso, V. and Rizzano, G. (2009), "Preliminary results of an experimental program on the cyclic response and rotation capacity of steel members", Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas STESSA, Philadelphia Pennsylvania.
  14. Calderoni, B. and Rinaldi, Z. (2000), "Inelastic dynamic and static analysis for steel MRF seismic design", Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas STESSA, Balkema Rotterdam.
  15. Calderoni, B. and Rinaldi, Z. (2002), "Seismic performance evaluation for steel MRF: non linear dynamic and static analyses", Steel. Compos. Struct., 2(2), 113-128. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2002.2.2.113
  16. Carr, A. (2002), RUAUMOKO, Inelastic Dynamic Analysis Program, University of Cantenbury, Department of Civil Engineering.
  17. Cosenza, E. and Manfredi, G. (1996), "Seismic design based on low cycle fatigue criteria", 11 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Acapulco, Mexico.
  18. Choi, H. and Kim, J. (2006), "Energy-based seismic design of buckling-restrained braced frames using hysteretic energy spectrum", Eng. Struct., 28(2), 304-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.08.008
  19. Engelhardt, M.D. and Husain, A.S. (1992), "Cyclic tests on large scale steel moment connections", Report No. PMFSEL 92-2, Phil M. Ferguson Structural Engineering Laboratory, University of Texas at Austin.
  20. Fajfar, P. (1992), "Equivalent ductility factors taking into account low-cycle fatigue", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dynam., 21(10), 837-848. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290211001
  21. Fajfar, P. and Krawinkler, H. (1997), Seismic Design Methodologies for the Next Generation of Codes, A.A. Balkema.
  22. Hancock, J. and Bommer, J.J. (2006), "A state-of-knowledge review of the influence of strong-motion duration on structural damage", Earthq. Spectra, 22(3), 827-845. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2220576
  23. Housner, G. W. (1956), "Limit design of structures to resist earthquakes", First World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Berkeley, California.
  24. Krawinkler, H. and Zohrei, M. (1983), "Cumulative damage in steel structure subjected to earthquake ground motions", Comput. Struct., 16(1-4), 531-541. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(83)90193-1
  25. Krawinkler, H. and Nassar, A. (1992), "Seismic design based on ductility and cumulative damage demands and capacities", Eds. Krawinkler H, Fajfar P., Nonlinear Seismic Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Elsevier Applied Science, 95-104.
  26. Park, Y.J. and Ang, A.H. (1985), "Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete", J. Struct. Eng. ASCE, 111(4), 740-757. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(740)
  27. Popov, E.P. and Stephen, R.M. (1972), "Cyclic loading of full-size steel connections", American Iron and Steel Institute, Bulletin No. 21.
  28. Rodriguez, M.E. and Ariztizabal, J.C. (1999), "Evaluation of a seismic damage parameter". Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dynam., 28(5), 463-477. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199905)28:5<463::AID-EQE818>3.0.CO;2-V
  29. Rodriguez, M.E. and Padilla, C. (2008), "A damage index for the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete members", J. Earthq. Eng., 13(3), 364-383.
  30. Teran-Gilmore, A. (1996), "Performance-based earthquake-resistant design of framed building using energy concepts", Ph.D Thesis, University of California Berkley.
  31. Teran-Gilmore, A. and Jirsa, J.O. (2005), "A damage model for practical seismic design that accounts for low cycle fatigue", Earthq. Spectra, 21(3), 803-832. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1979500
  32. Tersn-Gilmore, A. and Simon, R. (2006), "Use of constant cumulative ductility spectra for performance-based seismic design of ductile frames", 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.
  33. Teran-Gilmore, A. and Jirsa, J.O. (2007), "Energy demands for seismic design against low-cycle fatigue", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dynam., 36(3), 383-404. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.663
  34. Trifunac M.D. and Brady A.G. (1975), "A study of the duration of strong earthquake ground motion", B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 65(3), 581-626.
  35. Tsai, K.C. and Popov, E.P. (1988), "Steel beam-column joints in seismic moment resisting frames", Report No. EERC 88/19, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California at Berkeley.
  36. Tsai, K.C., Wu, S. and Popov, E.P. (1995), "Experimental performance of seismic steel beam-column moment joints", J. Struct. Eng-ASCE, 121(6), 925-931. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:6(925)
  37. Uang, C.M. and Bertero, V.V. (1990), "Evaluation of seismic energy in structures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dynam., 19(1), 77-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290190108

Cited by

  1. Energy damage index based on capacity and response spectra vol.152, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.019
  2. Evaluation of Performance Levels of RC Frames Using Plastic Energy Demand and Interstory Drift Ratio Concepts vol.18, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.18.10.1747
  3. Capacity, damage and fragility models for steel buildings: a probabilistic approach 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0237-0
  4. Damage quantification of steel moment resisting frames using ductility parameters vol.17, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-013-0121-7
  5. Comparing vector-valued intensity measures for fragility analysis of steel frames in the case of narrow-band ground motions vol.45, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.07.002
  6. Seismic Response of 3D Steel Buildings considering the Effect of PR Connections and Gravity Frames vol.2014, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/346156
  7. Implementation of Displacement Coefficient method for seismic assessment of buildings built on soft soil sites vol.59, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.10.017
  8. Energy-based damage index for concentrically braced steel structure using continuous wavelet transform vol.103, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.09.011
  9. A simplified procedure to estimate peak drift demands for mid-rise steel and R/C frames under narrow-band motions in terms of the spectral-shape-based intensity measure INp vol.150, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.07.046
  10. Residual drift demands in moment-resisting steel frames subjected to narrow-band earthquake ground motions vol.42, pp.11, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2288
  11. Effect of Damping and Yielding on the Seismic Response of 3D Steel Buildings with PMRF vol.2014, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/915494
  12. Distribution of strong earthquake input energy in tall buildings equipped with damped outriggers 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1463
  13. A Probability-based Approach for the Definition of the Expected Seismic Damage Evaluated with Non-linear Time-History Analyses 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2017.1323043
  14. Combination rules and critical seismic response of steel buildings modeled as complex MDOF systems vol.10, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.1.211
  15. Accuracy of combination rules and individual effect correlation: MDOF vs SDOF systems vol.12, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2012.12.4.353
  16. Ductility reduction factors for steel buildings considering different structural representations vol.13, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-014-9676-z
  17. Seismic response of complex 3D steel buildings with welded and post-tensioned connections vol.11, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.11.2.217
  18. On the Use of Vector-Valued Intensity Measure to Predict Peak and Cumulative Demands of Steel Frames under Narrow-Band Motions vol.595, pp.1662-7482, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.595.137
  19. Energy Dissipation and Local, Story, and Global Ductility Reduction Factors in Steel Frames under Vibrations Produced by Earthquakes vol.2018, pp.1875-9203, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9713685
  20. Energy dissipation and performance assessment of double damped outriggers in tall buildings under strong earthquakes pp.15417794, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1554
  21. Hysteretic energy prediction method for mainshock-aftershock sequences vol.17, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-018-0441-1
  22. Fatigue damage analysis of steel components subjected to earthquake loadings vol.10, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSI-05-2018-0028
  23. Parametric study on energy demands for steel special concentrically braced frames vol.24, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.24.2.265
  24. The Effect of Concrete Footing Shape in Differential Settlement: A Seismic Design vol.2019, pp.None, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9747896
  25. A New Fibonacci-based Algorithm for Locating Peak Intensity Measure of IDA Curves vol.43, pp.suppl1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-018-0201-5
  26. Performance-based multi-objective collaborative optimization of steel frames with fuse-oriented buckling-restrained braces vol.61, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-019-02366-9
  27. Seismic damage assessment and prediction using artificial neural network of RC building considering irregularities vol.5, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2019.1692167
  28. Damage Assessment of Reinforced Concrete-Framed Building Considering Multiple Demand Parameters in Indian Codal Provisions vol.44, pp.suppl1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-020-00380-2
  29. Comparing Hysteretic Energy and Ductility Uniform Annual Failure Rate Spectra for Traditional and a Spectral Shape-Based Intensity Measure vol.2021, pp.None, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2601087
  30. Damage assessment of low to mid rise reinforced concrete buildings considering planner irregularities vol.22, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1080/15502287.2020.1856971
  31. Constant-ductility energy factors of SDOF systems subjected to mainshock-aftershock sequences vol.37, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1177/8755293020952461
  32. An energy-based approach to determine the yield force coefficient of RC frame structures vol.21, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.21.1.037
  33. Seismic damage-based design of steel moment frames vol.25, pp.9, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2019.1585963
  34. Seismic damage assessment of a historic masonry building under simulated scenario earthquakes: A case study for Arge-Tabriz vol.147, pp.None, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106732
  35. Prediction of global damage index of reinforced concrete building using artificial neural network vol.22, pp.5, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1080/15502287.2021.1887405
  36. Cumulative Structural Damage Due to Low Cycle Fatigue: An Energy-Based Approximation vol.25, pp.12, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2019.1692736