References
- Bae HG, Lee KS, Yun IG, Bae WK, Choi SK, Byun BJ, et al. : Rapid expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 31 : 35-41, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199207000-00006
- Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Abouelsaad T, Cohen WA : Extravasation of radiographic contrast is an independent predictor of death in primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 30 : 2025-2032, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.30.10.2025
- Broderick JP, Brott TG, Duldner JE, Tomsick T, Huster G : Volume of intracerebral hemorrhage. A powerful and easy-to-use predictor of 30 day mortality. Stroke 24 : 987-993, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.24.7.987
- Broderick JP, Brott TG, Tomsick T, Barsan W, Spilker J : Ultra-early evaluation of intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 72 : 195-199, 1990 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.2.0195
- Brott T, Broderick J, Kothari R, Barsan W, Tomsick T, Sauerbeck L, et al. : Early hemorrhage growth in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 28 : 1-5, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.28.1.1
- Davis SM, Broderick J, Hennerci M, Brun NC, Diringer MN, Mayer SA, et al. : Hematoma growth is a determinant of mortality and poor outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 66 : 1175-1181, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000208408.98482.99
- Fujii Y, Takeuchi S, Saaki O, Minakawa T, Tanaka R : Multivariate analysis of predictors of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 29 : 1160-1166, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.29.6.1160
- Fujii Y, Tanaka R, Takeuchi S, Koike T, Minakawa T, Sasaki O : Hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 80 : 51-57, 1994 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.1.0051
- Fujitsu K, Muramoto M, Ikeda Y, Inada Y, Kim I, Kuwbara T : Indications for surgical treatment of putaminal hemorrhage. Comparative study based on serial CT and time-course analysis. J Neurosurg 73 : 518-525, 1990 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.73.4.0518
- Gebel JM, Jauch EC, Brott TG, Khoury J, Sauerbeck L, Salisbury S, et al. : Relative edema volume is a predictor of outcome in patients with hyperacute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 33 : 2636-2641, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000035283.34109.EA
- Goldstein JN, Fazen LE, Snider R, Schwab K, Greenberg SM, Smith EE, et al. : Contrast extravasations on CT angiography predicts hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 68 : 889-894, 2007 https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000257087.22852.21
- Hwnag SN, Ahn YH, Mok JH, Park K, Kim YB, Min BK, et al. : An analysis of factors related to the shape of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma and its clinical significance. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 24 : 905-911, 1995
- Kazui S, Minematsu K, Yamamoto H, Sawada T, Yamaguchi T : Predisposing factors to enlargement of spontaneous intracerebral hematoma. Stroke 28 : 2370-2375, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.28.12.2370
- Kazui S, Naritomi H, Yamamoto H, Sawada T, Yamaguchi T : Enlargement of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Incidence and time course. Stroke 27 : 1783-1787, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.27.10.1783
- Kelley RE, Berger JR, Scheinberg P, Stokes N : Active bleeding in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage : computed tomography. Neurology 32 : 852-856, 1982 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.32.8.852
- Keum HJ, Whang K, Hu C, Kim HJ, Hong SK, Pyen JS, et al. : The usefulness of contrast extravasation on CT angiography in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Korean J Cerebrovasc Surg 9 : 238-242, 2007
- Kim DH, Moon JG, Hwang YS, Kim HK, Yoo CS, Lee HD : Clinical analysis of the factors affecting the growth or rebleeding of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 25 : 2411-2417, 1996
- Kim HY, Mok JH, Park HK, Lee KC, Park YS, Lee YB : The factors affecting enlargement of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 32 : 564-569, 2002
- Kim YW, Yoon WK, Kim SR, Kim SD, Park IS, Baik MW, et al. : Is extravasation of radiographic contrast a predictor of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage? Korean J Cerebrovasc Surg 9 : 252-258, 2007
- Kothari RU, Brott T, Broderick JP, Barsan WG, Sauerbeck LR, Zuccarello M, et al. : The ABCs of measuring intracerebral hemorrhage volumes. Stroke 27 : 1304-1305, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.27.8.1304
- Kowada M, Yamaguchi K, Matsuoka S, Ito Z : Extravasation of angiographic contrast material in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 36 : 471-473, 1972 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1972.36.4.0471
- Kwon Y, Kim CJ, Rhim SC, Kwun BD, Whang CJ : Comparative clinical analysis of stereotaxic surgery versus conservative treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hematoma. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 19 : 995-1000, 1990
- Leira R, Davalos A, Silva Y, Gil-Peralta A, Tejada J, Garcia M, et al. : Early neurologic deterioration in intracerebral hemorrhage: predictors and associocted factors. Neurology 63 : 461-467, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000133204.81153.AC
- Lim JK, Hwang HS, Cho BM, Lee HK, Ahn SK, Oh SM, et al. : Multivariate analysis of risk factors of hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Surg Neurol 69 : 40-45, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2007.07.025
- Murai Y, Takagi R, Ikeda Y, Yamamoto Y, Teramoto A : Three-dimensional computerized tomography angiography in patients with hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 91 : 424-431, 1999 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.91.3.0424
- Ohwaki K, Yano E, Nagashima H, Hirata M, Nakagomi T, Tamura A : Blood pressure management in acute intracerebral hemorrhage : relationship beween elevated blood pressure and hematoma enlargement. Stroke 35 : 1364-1367, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000128795.38283.4b
- Qureshi AI, Safdar K, Weil EJ, Barch C, Bliwise DL, Colohan AR, et al. : Predictors of early deterioration and mortality in black Americans with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 26 : 1764-1767, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.26.10.1764
- Rosand J, Hylek EM, O'Donnell HC, Greenberg SM : Warfarin-associated hemorrhage and cerebral amyloid angiopathy : a genetic and pathologic study. Neurology 55 : 947-951, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.7.947
- Sacco RL, Wolf PA, Bharucha NE, Meeks SL, Kannel WB, Charette LJ, et al. : Subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage : Natural history, prognosis, and precursive factors in the Framingham study. Neurology 34 : 847-854, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.34.7.847
- Takahashi H, Urano T, Nagai N, Takada Y, Takada A : Progressive expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage by coagulopathy. Am J Hematol 59 : 110-114, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199810)59:2<110::AID-AJH2>3.0.CO;2-0
- Wada R, Aviv RI, Fox AJ, Sahlas DJ, Gladstone DJ, Tomlinson G, et al. : CT angiography "spot sign" predicts hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 38 : 1257-1262, 2007 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000259633.59404.f3
- Wartenberg KE, Mayer SA : Reducing the risk of ICH enlargement. J Neurol Sci 261 : 99-107, 2007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2007.04.044
- Wolpert SM, Schatzki SC : Extravasation of contrast material in the intracerebral basal Ganglia. Radiology 102 : 83-85, 1972 https://doi.org/10.1148/102.1.83
Cited by
- Computed Tomography Angiography in the Assessment of Patients With Stroke/TIA vol.1, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1177/1941874411418523
- Traumatic Intracranial Hematomas: Prognostic Value of Contrast Extravasation vol.34, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a3309
- Contrast Extravasation on CT Angiography Predicts Hematoma Expansion and Mortality in Acute Traumatic Subdural Hemorrhage vol.34, pp.8, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a3434
- Venous Phase of Computed Tomography Angiography Increases Spot Sign Detection, but Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion Is Greater in Spot Signs Detected in Arterial Phase vol.45, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.113.003007
- Advances in understanding spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: insights from neuroimaging vol.14, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1586/14737175.2014.918506
- Which Emphasizing Factors Are Most Predictive of Hematoma Expansion in Spot Sign Positive Intracerebral Hemorrhage? vol.56, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2014.56.2.86
- Mortality and Real Cause of Death from the Nonlesional Intracerebral Hemorrhage vol.55, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2014.55.1.1
- Dual-energy CT for detection of contrast enhancement or leakage within high-density haematomas in patients with intracranial haemorrhage vol.56, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-014-1333-3
- Association Factors for CT Angiography Spot Sign and Hematoma Growth in Korean Patients with Acute Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage : A Single-Center Cohort Study vol.56, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2014.56.4.295
- The Spot Sign Predicts Hematoma Expansion, Outcome, and Mortality in Patients with Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage vol.56, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2014.56.4.303
- Management and Outcome of Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage vol.17, pp.3, 2010, https://doi.org/10.7461/jcen.2015.17.3.185
- Intracerebral Hematoma Morphologic Appearance on Noncontrast Computed Tomography Predicts Significant Hematoma Expansion vol.46, pp.11, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.115.010566
- Contusion Contrast Extravasation Depicted on Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography Predicts Growth and Mortality in Traumatic Brain Contusion vol.33, pp.11, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4062
- Predicting Intracerebral Hemorrhage Growth With the Spot Sign : The Effect of Onset-to-Scan Time vol.47, pp.3, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.115.012012
- Imaging in acute stroke vol.14, pp.8, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2016.1196134
- Predictive Value of CTA Spot Sign on Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients vol.2017, pp.None, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4137210
- Computed Tomography Angiography in Head and Neck Emergencies vol.38, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2017.02.003
- Iodine concentration: a new, important characteristic of the spot sign that predicts haematoma expansion vol.28, pp.10, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5415-1
- Spot Sign in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Magnetic Resonance Imaging : A Case Report and Review of the Literature vol.23, pp.3, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1097/nrl.0000000000000178
- Accuracy of spot sign in predicting hematoma expansion and clinical outcome : A meta-analysis vol.97, pp.34, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000011945
- Computed tomographic angiography in stroke and high-risk transient ischemic attack: Do not leave the emergency department without it! vol.13, pp.7, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1177/1747493018764172
- Low occurrence of “spot sign” on computed tomography angiography in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: A single-center prospective study from India vol.6, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4103/cjhr.cjhr_102_18
- Meta-Analysis of Accuracy of the Spot Sign for Predicting Hematoma Growth and Clinical Outcomes vol.50, pp.8, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.118.024347
- Is four-dimensional CT angiography as effective as digital subtraction angiography in the detection of the underlying causes of intracerebral haemorrhage: a systematic review vol.62, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-019-02349-z