참송이 버섯의 코팅 처리 및 온도 변화에 따른 저장 특성

Effect of Coating Material and Storage Temperature on the Quality Characteristics of Lentinus edodes Mushroom (Chamgsongi)

  • Bae, In-Young (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Lee, Yoo-Jin (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Suh (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Lee, Su-Yong (Department of Food Science & Technology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University) ;
  • Park, Hyuk-Gu (Hana Natural Substance Institute, Hanabiotech Ltd.) ;
  • Lee, Hyeon-Gyu (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
  • 투고 : 2010.08.19
  • 심사 : 2010.10.07
  • 발행 : 2010.12.31

초록

수확직후의 참송이 버섯에 대해 코팅제 종류(alginate, 0.3%; xanthan gum, 0.05%; chitosan, 0.8%)와 저장온도(4, 12, $25^{\circ}C$)에 따른 저장 중 품질 특성을 비교하였다. Alginate, xanthan gum, chitosan 코팅 처리 후 $12^{\circ}C$에서 6일간 저장한 참송이 버섯의 중량감소율은 각각 10, 7, 6%로 나타났다. 색도는 모든 시료에서 저장 기간이 경과함에 따라 L값이 감소하고 $\Delta$E값은 증가하였으며, PPO 활성은 저장 기간 중 무처리군과 비교하여 코팅 처리에 의해 최대 81%까지 유의적으로 억제되었다. 특히, chitosan을 처리한 버섯의 경우 저장 6일에 무처리 버섯보다 5배 정도 감소된 효소활성을 보였다. 저장 일수가 증가할수록 모든 버섯의 조직감이 감소하였으며, alginate와 chitosan 처리 시료는 각각 저장 4일과 6일까지 hardness가 유지되었다. 우수한 코팅 효과를 보인 chitosan 처리 후 저장온도에 따른 품질 변화를 조사한 결과, 저온 저장과 chitosan 처리로 저장 6일까지 색도가 유지되었다. PPO 활성의 경우 무처리 버섯은 모든 저장 온도에서 저장 기간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. Chitosan 코팅한 버섯은 저장 온도가 $4{\rightarrow}12{\rightarrow}25^{\circ}C$로 상승함에 따라 PPO 활성 억제 저장 일수는 $6{\rightarrow}4{\rightarrow}2$일로 감소되었다. 특히, chitosan 처리군은 다른 시료에 비하여 저장 6일까지도 조직감의 변화가 적게 나타났다. 따라서 저장 중 버섯의 갈변작용을 저해하기 위해서는 저온에서 저장하는 것이 필요하며, 상온 저장 조건에서는 chitosan 코팅처리를 통하여 품질 유지 기간을 연장할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

The effects of various coating materials (alginate, 0.3%; xanthan gum, 0.05%; chitosan, 0.8%) and storage temperatures (4, 12, $25^{\circ}C$) on the shelf-life of Lentinus edodes mushroom were investigated in terms of weight loss, color, polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity, and texture profiles. Out of the three coating materials tested in this study, chitosan was effective in maintaining the color, PPO activity, and texture of the mushrooms during storage for 6 days at $12^{\circ}C$. Moreover, when stored at 4, 12, and $25^{\circ}C$ for 6 days, the chitosan spray-coated mushrooms stored at $4^{\circ}C$ had higher Lvalues and lower ${\Delta}E$. Also, lower temperature storage inhibited PPO activity in the mushrooms and prevented the loss of textural properties during storage. Therefore, the shelf-life of Lentinus edodes mushroom can be further extended two-fold by spray-coating with chitosan and storing at a lower temperature ($4^{\circ}C$).

키워드

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