Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Ototoxicity in children receiving cisplatin chemotherapy

Cisplatin을 포함한 항암치료를 받은 소아에서 이독성

  • Jang, Hee Jin (Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Cho, Hyung Rae (Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Lee, Jae Hee (Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Bae, Kun Yuk (Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Seo, Jong Jin (Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Moon, Hyung Nam (Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Im, Ho Joon (Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center)
  • 장희진 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 조형래 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이재희 (중앙대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 배근욱 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 서종진 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 문형남 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 임호준 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2009.09.03
  • Accepted : 2009.10.19
  • Published : 2010.02.15
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Abstract

Purpose : Cisplatin is highly effective for the treatment of solid tumors in children. However, the clinical use of cisplatin is limited by its ototoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ototoxicity in children treated with cisplatin. Method : We performed a single institution retrospective analysis of pediatric oncology patients who received cisplatin therapy between January 2001 and January 2008. Thirty-seven patients with sufficient medical and audiologic data were included in this study. Results : The median age at the time of diagnosis was 10.7 (range 3.8-6.7) years. There were 16 males and 21 females. The underlying diseases were osteosarcoma (15 cases), medulloblastoma (14 cases), germ cell tumors (7 cases), and hepatoblastoma (1 case). The median individual dose was $100mg/m^2$/cycle (56-200). The median cumulative dose was $480mg/m^2$ (200-1,490). Sixteen patients (43%) received cranial radiotherapy. Of the 37 patients, 17 developed hearing loss, leading to an overall incidence of 46%. Logistic regression showed that age at treatment (P =0.04) and cumulative dose of cisplatin (P =0.005) were the significant risk factors in predicting hearing loss in children treated with cisplatin. In all the patients who had hearing loss, there was neither improvement nor aggravation during the follow-up (3-8 months). Conclusion : The cumulative dose of cisplatin (>$500mg/m^2$) and younger age at treatment (<12 years) were 2 most important risk factors for ototoxicity in patients treated with cisplatin. Serial audiometric evaluations are needed in the patients with risk factors during and after cisplatin treatment.

목 적 : Cisplatin은 소아 고형종양의 치료에 효과적으로 사용되는 항암제이다. 그러나 이독성의 발생은 cisplatin의 사용을 제한하고 있다. 이에 저자들은 cisplatin을 투여 받은 소아 고형종양 환아에서 발생한 이독성의 특징과 관련 인자들을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월부터 2008년 1월까지 서울아산병원 소아과에서 고형종양으로 cisplatin을 포함한 항암치료를 받았고, 청력검사를 시행 받은 37명의 환아를 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환아의 진단 시 나이, 성별, 진단명, 두개 방사선 조사 여부, 그리고 cisplatin의 개별용량 및 누적량을 조사하였다. 청력검사는 항암치료 전과 종료 후에 순음청력검사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 37명 환아의 기저 질환은 골육종 15례, 수모세포종 14례, 생식세포종양 7례, 그리고 간모세포종 1례이었다. 진단 시 정중 연령은 10.7세(3.8-16.7)이었고 남아가 16명, 여아가 21명이었다. 투여된 cisplatin의 정중 개별용량은 $100mg/m^2/cycle$ (56-200), 그리고 정중 누적량은 $480mg/m^2$ (200-1,490)이었다. 16명(43%)의 환아가 두개 방사선 조사를 받았다. 치료 종료 후 시행한 청력검사에서 청력장애를 보인 환아들은 17명(46%)이었다. 진단 시 나이가 12세 미만인 군(P =0.04)과 cisplatin 누적량 $500mg/m^2$ 이상인 군(P =0.005)에서 이독성의 발생이 유의하게 증가하였다. 환아의 성별, 진단명, 두개 방사선 조사 여부, 그리고 cisplatin의 개별용량과 이독성의 발생과는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 정중 22개월(3-68)의 추적관찰 기간 동안 청력장애를 보인 16명의 환아들은 장애가 호전되지 않았다. 결 론 : 진단 시 12세 미만과 누적량 $500mg/m^2$ 이상의 cisplatin 투여받은 환아군에서 cisplatin에 의한 이독성의 빈도가 유의하게 증가하였으며 청력장애 발생 시에는 치료 종료 후에도 호전되지 않았다. 이에 위험인자를 지닌 환아들의 주기적인 청력검사가 필요하며, 이독성 발생의 예방에 대한 연구도 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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