Particle and aerosol research (한국입자에어로졸학회지)

Korean Association for Particle and Aerosol Research (한국입자에어로졸학회)
권호 표지

Characteristics of PM10, PM2.5 and CO2 Concentration in Public Transportations and Development of Control Technology

대중교통수단에서 PM10, PM2.5 및 CO2의 농도 현황과 저감기술 개발에 관한 연구

  • Park, Duck Shin (Railroad Environment Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Kwon, Soon Bark (Railroad Environment Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Cho, Young Min (Railroad Environment Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Jang, Seong Ki (Indoor Environmental Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Jeon, Jae Sik (Indoor Air and Noise Team, Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Park, Eun Young (Railroad Environment Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute)
  • 박덕신 (한국철도기술연구원 철도환경연구실) ;
  • 권순박 (한국철도기술연구원 철도환경연구실) ;
  • 조영민 (한국철도기술연구원 철도환경연구실) ;
  • 장성기 (국립환경과학연구원 실내환경과) ;
  • 전재식 (서울시보건환경연구원 생활환경팀) ;
  • 박은영 (한국철도기술연구원 철도환경연구실)
  • Received : 2010.01.15
  • Accepted : 2010.02.11
  • Published : 2010.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the concentration level of the major air pollutants in public transportation. The study was conducted between February 2009 and March 2008 at Suwon-Yeosu line in Korea. $PM_{10}$ concentration level was $100{\mu}g/m^3$ on average. The $PM_{2.5}$ to PM10 ratio in transport is 0.37, which was lower than the results published by other researches. The result also demonstrated that outdoor $PM_{10}$ concentration was about 56~60% level compared to that of the cabin. $CO_2$ concentration level in the cabin was 1,359ppm, which does not exceed 2,000ppm, which is the guideline concentration level according to the Ministry of Environment. $CO_2$ concentration level in the cabin was $CO_2=23.4{\times}N+460.2$, and about 23.4ppm in $CO_2$ concentration level increased every time one passenger was added on. The experiment conducted on the train demonstrated that the average $PM_{10}$ concentration level was $100{\mu}g/m^3$ in case of the reference cabin while average $PM_{10}$ concentration level of the modified vehicle was $68{\mu}g/m^3$. Likewise, effect of the particle reduction device for the reduction of $PM_{10}$ concentration level was approximately 21%. Meanwhile there was almost no difference in the concentration level between reference and modified cabin in case of $PM_{2.5}$. Using zeolite as an adsorbent was made to reduce the $CO_2$ concentration level in the cabin. Number of passengers was factored in, to calculate the effect of the adsorption device, which demonstrated that about 36% of $CO_2$ concentration level was reduced in the modified cabin effect of the $CO_2$ reduction device. This research analyzed the current status concerning the quality of air in the public transportation and technologies were developed that reduces major air pollutants.

Keywords

References

  1. 건설교통부(2005) 철도차량안전기준.
  2. 국토해양부(2008) 2007년 통계연보.
  3. 권순박, 조영민, 박덕신, 박은영(2008) 출입문 개폐에 의한 전동차 객실 CO2 저감효과 분석, 한국대기환경학회지 24(2), 153-161.
  4. 김진태(2002) 제올라이트 X/활성탄 복합체의 $CO_2$ 흡착특성 연구, 한국공업화학회지, 13(4), 345-350.
  5. 박덕신, 김동술, 조영민, 권순박, 박은영(2007) 철도차량에서의 공기질 현황 및 PM10 오염원 분석, 한국대기환경학회지 23(3), 311-321.
  6. 지준호(2001) 입자퇴적이 승용차용 정전필터의 미세 입자포집특성에 미치는 영향, 대한기계학회논문집 B권, 26(8), 1102-1114.
  7. 한국철도기술연구원(2007) 차세대 객차용 청정시스템 개발, 4차년도연차보고서.
  8. 환경부(2001) 노출계수핸드북.
  9. 환경부(2006) 대중교통수단 실내공기질 가이드라인.
  10. 환경부(2009) 대중교통수단 실내공기질 실태조사 및 효율적 관리방안 연구.
  11. Abadie, M., K. Limam, J. Bouilly, D. Génin(2004) Particle pollution in the French high-speed train(TGV) smoker cars: measurement and prediction of passengers exposure, Atmospheric Environment 38, 2017-2027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.013
  12. Aliaga, C., Winqvist, K.(2003) Comment les femmes et les hommes utilisent leurs temps-Resultats de 13 pay europeens. Eurostat, KS-NK-03-012-FR-N.
  13. Chan, L.Y., W.L. Lau, S.C. Lee, and C.Y. Chan(2002) Commuter exposure to particulate matter in public transportation modes in Hong Kong, Atmospheric Environment 36, 3363-3373. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00318-7
  14. Cooper, C.D., and F.C. Alley(1986) Air Pollution Control.
  15. Iozia, D.L., and D. Leith(1989) Effect of Cyclone Dimensions on Gas Flow Pattern and Collection Efficiency, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 10, 491-500. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786828908959289
  16. Jang, M.S., Koh, C.D., and Moon, I.S.(2007) Review of thermal comfort design based on PMV/PPD in cabins of Korean maritime patrol vessels, Building and Environment, 42, 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.07.025
  17. Leutwyler, M., Siegmann, K., Monn, C.(2002) Suspended particulate matter in railway coaches, Atmospheric Environment, 36, 1-7.
  18. Li, T.T., Bai, Y.H., Liu, Z.R., Liu, J.F., Zhang, G.S., and Li, J.L.(2006) Air quality in passenger cars of the ground railway transit system in Beijing, China, Sci. Total Environ, 367, 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.007
  19. Klepeis, N.E., Nelson, W.C., Ott, W.R., Robinson, J.P., Tsang, A.M., Switzer, P., Behar, J.V., Hern, S.C., Engelmann, W.H.(2001) The national human activity pattern survey(NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants, J. of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 11(3), 231-252. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500165
  20. Park, D.U., and K.C. Ha(2008) Characteristics of PM10, PM2.5, $CO_{2}$ and CO monitored in interiors and platforms of subway train in Seoul, Korea, Environmental International 34, 629-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2007.12.007
  21. Pierce, W.M., Janczewski, J.N., Roethlisberger, B., and Janczewski, M.G.(1999) Air quality on commercial aircraft. ASHRAE J. 41(9), 26-34.
  22. UIC Code 553(2004) Ventilation, heating and air-conditioning in coaches.