Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society (한국지반환경공학회 논문집)

Korean Geo-Environmental Society (한국지반환경공학회)
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Estimation of Specific Yield Using Rainfall and Groundwater Levels at Shallow Groundwater Monitoring Sites

충적층 지하수 관측지점의 강우량 대비 지하수위 변동 자료를 활용한 비산출율 추정

  • 김규범 (한국수자원공사 K-water연구원)
  • Received : 2010.03.08
  • Accepted : 2010.04.20
  • Published : 2010.06.01
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Abstract

Specific yield is an essential parameter of the water table fluctuation method for recharge calculation. Specific yield is not easily estimated because of limited availability of aquifer test data and soil samples at National Groundwater Monitoring Stations in South Korea. The linear relationship between rainfall and water level rise was used to estimate the specific yields of aquifer for 34 shallow monitoring wells which were grouped into three clusters. In the case of Cluster-1 and Cluster-2, this method was not applicable because of low cross correlation between rainfall and water level rise and also a long lag time of water level rise to rainfall. However, the specific yields for 19 monitoring wells belonging to Cluster-3, which have relatively high cross correlation and short lag time, within 2 days after rainfall, range from 0.06 to 0.27 with mean value of 0.17. These values are within the general range for sand and gravel sediments and similar to those from aquifer test data. A detailed field survey is required to identify monitoring sites that are not greatly affected by pumping, stream flow, evapotranspiration, or delayed response of water levels to rainfall, because these factors may cause overestimation of specific yield estimates.

국가지하수관측소와 같은 관측 지점에서의 지하수 시계열 자료를 활용한다면 지하수위 변동법에 의한 지하수 함양율을 산정할 수 있으나, 비산출율 추정에 필요한 양수시험 자료와 토양시료 등의 부족으로 적용에 제약이 있어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 3개의 군집에 속하는 34개 국가지하수 관측망의 충적 관측정을 대상으로 갈수기의 강우 이벤트와 지하수위 상승량 관계를 이용한 비산출율 산정 기법을 적용해 보았다. 군집 1과 군집 2에 속하는 관측정은 강우에 대한 지하수위 반응이 뚜렷하지 않기 때문에 본 방법의 적용이 곤란하며, 군집 3에서 강우에 대한 지하수위 반응 시차가 2일 이내인 19개 관측정의 경우는 추정 비산출율이 0.06에서 0.27의 범위로써 평균 0.17로 분석되었는데 이는 토양 입자에 따른 비산출율 및 양수시험에 의한 비산출율과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 본 방법은 주변 하천과의 관계, 배출 작용, 증발산 및 양수 등의 영향으로 일부 과다 산정의 우려가 있으나 현장조사를 통하여 주변 영향이 적은 국가지하수 관측정을 선정한다면 적용 가능하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 수자원의 지속적인 확보기술개발사업단

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