초록
"대양"은 우리 나라에서 재배가 가능한 조숙 양질 다수성 쌀귀리 품종을 육성하고자 미국의 조숙성 쌀귀리 계통인 'LX446-1-84-Q1'을 모본, 대립 겉귀리 계통인 'SO92004-B-3-3-5-7'을 부본으로 인공 교배하여 계통육종법에 의해 계통을 선발한 후 2002년부터 생산력검정시험과 지역적응시험을 거쳐 2007년에 육성된 품종이다. 그 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. "대양"은 잎폭은 넓으며, 이삭형은 산수형이고, 종실은 길고 갈색이다. 2. "대양"은 재배지 3개년 평균 출수기가 5월 8일로서, 기존 육성된 '선양'과 유사하였다. 3. "대양"은 천립중이 30.3g으로 선양의 24.5g에 비해 5.8g 무거운 대립종이며, 지역적응시험에서의 평균 종실 수량은 4,180kg/ha으로 '선양'보다 20%나 많았다. 4. "대양"은 탈부율이 높고, 조단백질 함량은 11.2%, 베타 글루캔 함량은 4.6%로서 표준품종인 '선양'과 비슷하였다.
A new naked oat cultivar Daeyang (Avena sativa L.) was developed by Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2007. It was derived from a cross between 'FLX446-1-84-Q1'. and 'SO92004-B-3-3-5-7'. The FLX446-1-84-Q1, a naked oat cultivar from USA, is early heading and has good seed quality, while the SO92004-B-3-3-5-7, a covered oat breeding line, has a high yield with large grain. Subsequent generations were handled in a bulk method and pedigree selection program, and the SO97013-B-16-4 was selected based on agronomic performance in 2001. The line showed both high yield and good husking rate of seed in the yield trial tested at Suwon from 2002 to 2003, being designated as Gwiri51. The Gwiri51 was subsequently evaluated for winter hardiness, earliness, and yield in four locations, Gimje, Iksan, Jeongeup, and Jinju, from 2004 to 2007 and was designated as "Daeyang" and released. Its heading date was May 8 and maturing time was June 14 in a paddy field condition. The new cultivar Daeyang had 97 cm of culm length and 25.2 cm of spike length, 644 spikes per $m^2$, 65 grains per spike, 30.3 g of 1,000-grain weight, and 635 g of test weight. Daeyang showed better winter hardiness than that of the check cultivar 'Sunyang', and similar seed quality to the check cultivar in respect to percent content crude protein and $\beta$-glucan. However, it showed higher husking rate than the check cultivar. Grain yield of Daeyang in the regional yield trial for 4 years were averaged 4.18 MT $ha^{-1}$, which was 20% higher than that of the check cultivar Sunyang. Fall sowing cropping is recommended only in a south area where daily minimum mean temperatures are averaged higher than $-4^{\circ}C$ in January, and should be excluded in mountain area where frost damage is presumable.
