A Backup Node Based Fault-tolerance Scheme for Coverage Preserving in Wireless Sensor Networks

무선 센서 네트워크에서의 감지범위 보존을 위한 백업 노드 기반 결함 허용 기법

  • 한주선 (홍익대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 하란 (홍익대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Published : 2009.08.15

Abstract

In wireless sensor networks, the limited battery resources of sensor nodes have a direct impact on network lifetime. To reduce unnecessary power consumption, it is often the case that only a minimum number of sensor nodes operate in active mode while the others are kept in sleep mode. In such a case, however, the network service can be easily unreliable if any active node is unable to perform its sensing or communication function because of an unexpected failure. Thus, for achieving reliable sensing, it is important to maintain the sensing level even when some sensor nodes fail. In this paper, we propose a new fault-tolerance scheme, called FCP(Fault-tolerant Coverage Preserving), that gives an efficient way to handle the degradation of the sensing level caused by sensor node failures. In the proposed FCP scheme, a set of backup nodes are pre-designated for each active node to be used to replace the active node in case of its failure. Experimental results show that the FCP scheme provides enhanced performance with reduced overhead in terms of sensing coverage preserving, the number of backup nodes and the amount of control messages. On the average, the percentage of coverage preserving is improved by 87.2% while the additional number of backup nodes and the additional amount of control messages are reduced by 57.6% and 99.5%, respectively, compared with previous fault-tolerance schemes.

무선 센서 네트워크에서 센서 노드의 한정된 배터리 자원은 네트워크 수명에 직접적인 영향을 끼친다. 따라서 불필요한 전력 소모를 줄이기 위해, 많은 경우 최소한의 센서 노드만을 활성 모드로 유지하고 나머지는 휴면 모드로 유지한다. 그러나 이러한 경우, 예상하지 못한 결함으로 인해 센서 노드가 감지 및 전송 기능을 수행하지 못하게 되면 네트워크 서비스를 안정적으로 제공할 수가 없다. 따라서 센서노드의 결함에도 불구하고 감지수준을 일정하게 유지하는 것은 신뢰성 있는 감지환경을 제공하는 데 있어 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 센서 노드의 결함으로 인한 감지수준 저하의 문제를 효과적으로 극복하기 위해 FCP(Fault-tolerant Coverage Preserving) 기법을 제안한다. FCP 기법에서는 각 활성 노드에 대해 백업 노드 집합을 미리 선정하여, 활성 노드의 결함 시 결함 노드를 대신하도록 한다. 성능 평가 결과, FCP 기법이 기존 결함 허용 기법들에 비해 평균 87.2% 향상된 감지범위 보존 성능을 보일 뿐 아니라, 추가 백업 노드 수와 추가 제어 메시지 전송량 측면에서도 각각 평균 57.6%, 평균 99.5% 향상된 효율성을 제공함을 보였다.

Keywords

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