The Journal of the Korea Contents Association (한국콘텐츠학회논문지)

The Korea Contents Association (한국콘텐츠학회)
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Zero-Watermarking based on Chaotic Side Match Vector Quantization

무질저한 SMVQ 기반의 제로-워터마킹

  • 김형도 (한양사이버대학교 경영학부) ;
  • 박찬권 (한양사이버대학교 경영학부)
  • Published : 2009.07.28
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Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technology for preventing illegal copying, for protecting intellectual property rights and copyrights, and for suggesting grounds of the ownership by inserting watermarks into digital contents. Generally speaking, watermarking techniques cannot escape from data distortion and quality degradation due to the watermark insertion. In order to overcome the shortcoming, zero-watermarking techniques which do not change the original data have been proposed recently. This paper proposes CSMVQ(Chaotic SMVQ), a zero-watermarking system for SMVQ(Side Match Vector Quantization) which shows better compression ratio and quality and less blocking effect than VQ(Vector Quantization). In SMVQ, compression progresses from left top to right bottom in order to use the information of the two neighbor blocks, so it is impossible to insert watermarks chaotically. In the process of encoding, CSMVQ dynamically considers the information of the (1 to 4) neighbor blocks already encoded. Therefore, watermark can be inserted into digital contents in chaotic way. Experimental results show that the image quality compressed by CSMVQ is better than that of SMVQ and the inserted watermark is robust against some common attacks.

디지털 워터마킹은 디지털 콘텐츠에 워터마크를 삽입함으로써 불법적인 복제를 방지하고, 지적재산권 및 저작권을 보호하며, 소유권을 주장할 수 있는 근거를 제시하는 기술이다. 일반적으로 워터마킹 기법에서는 워터마크를 삽입함으로써 데이터 왜곡과 품질 저하가 불가피하다는 단점이 있다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 원래 데이터를 변경하지 않는 제로-워터마킹 기법들이 최근 제시되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 VQ(Vector Quantization) 방식의 블록 효과를 줄이고, 압축 비율과 품질을 향상시킨 SMVQ(Side Match Vector Quantization) 방식에 대한 제로-워터마킹 체계인 CSMVQ(Chaotic SMVQ)를 제안한다. SMVQ 이미지 압축에서는 동일하게 두 이웃 블록의 접면 정보를 이용하기 위하여 좌측 상단에서 우측 하단으로 진행되므로, 임의의 순서로 블록을 선택하여 워터마크를 삽입할 수 없다. CSMVQ에서는 이전 에 부호화된 (1개에서 4개까지의) 이웃 블록들의 접면 정보를 동적으로 고려하여 부호화를 진행하므로, 무질서한 방식으로 워터마크가 삽입되도록 지원할 수 있다. 이 기법을 적용한 이미지의 품질이 SMVQ보다 우수하며, 샤프닝, 메디안 필터링 등을 이용한 공격에도 워터마크가 강인함을 보여준다.

Keywords

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