Elastomers and Composites

The Rubber Society of Korea (한국고무학회)
권호 표지

Advanced Synthetic Technology for High Performance Energy Tire Tread Rubber

고성능 에너지 절약형 타이어 트레드 고무의 합성 제조 기술

  • Lee, Bum-Jae (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lim, Ki-Won (Hankook Tire R&D Center) ;
  • Ji, Sang-Chul (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jung, Kwon-Young (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Jung (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University)
  • 이범재 (충남대학교 정밀응용화학과) ;
  • 임기원 (한국타이어중앙연구소) ;
  • 지상철 (충남대학교 정밀응용화학과) ;
  • 정권영 (충남대학교 정밀응용화학과) ;
  • 김태중 (충남대학교 정밀응용화학과)
  • Published : 2009.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The specialized and diversified synthetic and compounding technologies are used to meet the requirements for the advanced high performance tire tread materials with better balance of fuel economy(rolling resistance), safety(wet traction) and wear resistance. These techniques involve the methodology for the improvement of chemical and physical interaction between filler and the rubber matrix using coupling agents as well as a variety of chemically-modified solution SBRs. The research trends about the high performance functional SBRs and coupling agents which can interact with the surface of fillers and their working mechanism were investigated in the conventional carbon black-filled rubber and silica-filled SBR systems developed recently as "green tire".

근래 고성능 친환경 타이어의 개발요구에 의하여 경제성(낮은 회전 저항)과 안전성(wet traction) 및 내마모성면에서 균형있는 특성을 가지는 타이어 트레드 고무의 합성 제조 기술이 중요하게 대두된다. 이를 위하여 다양한 기능성 용액중합 SBR의 개발과 함께 고무/충전제 간의 상호작용 증진 기술이 학술적으로나 산업적으로 활용되고 있다. 본 고에서는 기존의 카본블랙 고무와 함께 최근 green tire로서 각광 받는 실리카 충전 고무에서 충전제와 상호반응이 가능한 화학적 변성 SBR과 커플링제를 이용한 고성능 타이어 트레드 고무의 합성 제조 기술에 대하여 최근 연구 방향과 함께 작용 메카니즘에 대하여 고찰하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. 진광웅, 나창운, 이명훈, 정광운, '엘라스토머의 새로운 도약', Elastomer, 43, 63 (2008)
  2. Belgian 877, 625 (1979)
  3. A. Yoshioka, 'Structure and physical properties of high-vinyl polybutadiene rubbers and their blend', Pure Appl. Chem. 58, 1697 (1986) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198658121697
  4. US 4,550,142 (1985) to Nippon Zeon
  5. N. Nagata, T. Kobatake, H. Watanabe, A. Ueda, A. Yoshioka, 'Effect of chemical modification of solution-polymerized rubber on dynamic mechanical properties in carbon black-filled vulcanization', Rubber Chem. Tech. 60, 837 (1987) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3536159
  6. 永田伸夫, Nippon Gomu Kyokaishi, 62, 630 (1989) https://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.62.630
  7. I. G. Hargis, R. A. Livigni, S. L. Aggarwal, in 'Developments in Rubber technology-4' (A. Wheland and K.S. Lee Eds.), p.1, Elsevier, Essex, 1987
  8. R. Rauline : Rubber compound and tire based on such a compound, Michelin & Cie. [EP 0501227] 1-16 9-2-1992, France
  9. USP 5,227,425 to Michelin
  10. S. Wolff, M. J. Wang, 'Filler-elastomer interactions. Part IV. The effect of the surface energies of fillers on elastomer reinforcement', Rubber Chem Tech. 65, 329 (1992) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538615
  11. M. J. Wang, S. Wolff, E. H. Tan, 'Filler-elastomer interactions. Part VIII. The role of the distance between filler aggregates in the dynamic properties of filled vulcanizates'. Rubber Chem Tech., 66, 178 (1993) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538305
  12. L. R. Evans, W. H. Waddell, 'Ultra-high reinforcing precipitated silica for tire and rubber applications', Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe, 718 (1995)
  13. G. L. Day, S. Futamura, Paper No. 22 presented at a meeting of the Rubber Division, ACS, New York, 1986
  14. Chap. 9 in 'Science and Technology of Rubber', E. Mark, B. Erman, F. R. Eirch Eds., 2nd ed., Academic Press, 1994
  15. J. A. Brydson, in 'Developments in Rubber Technology-2' (A. Wheland and K. S. Lee Eds.), p.21, Applied Science Publishers, London, 1981
  16. Chap. 2 in 'Science and Technology of Rubber', E. Mark, B. Erman, F. R. Eirch Eds., 2nd ed. Academic Press, 1994
  17. Chap. 17 in 'Anionic Polymerization Principles and Practical Applications', H. L. Hsieh, R. P. QuirkMarcel Dekker, Inc. New York 1996
  18. G. Heinrich, 'Why silica technology needs S-SBR in high performance tires? The physics of confined polymers in filled rubbers', Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe (July/August) 368 (2008)
  19. K. H. Nordsiek, Paper No. 48 presented at a meeting of the Rubber Division, ACS, Indianapolis, 1984
  20. K. H. Nordsiek, 'The integral rubber concept - An approach to an ideal tire tread rubber', Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe, 38, 178 (1985)
  21. S. L. Aggarwal, I. G. Hargis, R. A. Livigni, H. J. Fabris and L. F. Marker, in Advanced in Elastomers and Rubber Elasticity, J. Lal & J. E. mark, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1986, p.17
  22. H. L. Brantley, G. L. Day, Paper No. 33 presented at a meeting of the Rubber Division, ACS, New York, 1986
  23. Y. C. Ou, Z. Z. Yu, A. Vidad, J. B. Donet, 'Effects of alkylation of silica filler on rubber reinforcement', Rubber Chem. Tech., 67, 834 (1994) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538714
  24. 한승철, 최석주, 한민현, '실리카 고무 배합 기술', 고무기술, 2, 100 (2001)
  25. E. M. Dannenberg, 'Bound rubber and carbon black reinforcement', Rubber Chem. Tech., 59, 512 (1986) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538213
  26. J. J. Brennan, T. E. Jermyn, 'Bound rubber', Rubber Chem. Tech., 40, 817 (1967) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3539097
  27. A. M. Gessler, 'Evidence for chemical interation in carbon and polymer associations. Extension of original work on effect of carbon black structure', Rubber Chem. Tech., 42, 850 (1969) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3539263
  28. J. Han, X. Zhang, W. Guo, C. Wu, 'Effect of modified carbon black on the filler-elastomer interaction and dynamic mechanical properties of SBR vulcanizates', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 100, 3707 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.23233
  29. M. J. Wang, 'Effect of polymer-filler and filler-filler interactions dynamic properties of filled vulcanizates', Rubber Chem. Tech., 71, 520 (1998) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538492
  30. L. Guy, Y. Bomal, L. Landouce-Stelandre, 'Elastomers reinforcement by precipitated silicas', Kautsch Gummi Kunstst., 58, 43 (2005)
  31. H. Yan, G. Tian, K. Sun, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, 'Effect of silane coupling agent on the polymer–.filler interaction and mechanical properties of silica-filled NR', J Polym. Sci. Part B : Polym. Phys., 43, 573 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.20343
  32. N. Suzuki, M. Ito, F. Yatsuyanagi, 'Effects of rubber/filler interactions on deformation behavior of silica filled SBR systems', Polymer, 46, 193 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.066
  33. U. Gorl, A. Muller and M. Knack, Gobel, 'Investigations concerning the reaction silica/organosilane and organosilane/polymer - Part 1: Reaction mechanism and reaction model for silica/organosilane', Kautsch Gummi Kunstst., 50, 881 (1997)
  34. M. J. Wang, P. Thang, K. Mahmud, 'Carbon-silica dual phase filler, a new generation reinforcing agent for rubber : Part IX. Application to truck tire tread compound', Rubber Chem. Tech., 74, 124 (2001) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3547633
  35. U. Gorl, Hunsche, A. Presented at the 150th Meeting of the Rubber Division of Amercan Chemical Society, Kentucky, 1996(Paper No. 76)
  36. P. J. Joshi, R. J. Cruse, Pickwell, J. K. Weller, H. M. Hosftetter, E. R. Pohl, M. F. Stout, F. D. Osterholtz, Tire Technol. Int., 14, 166 (2004)
  37. C. Hepburn, H. M. Halim, In the International Rubber Conference, Sidney, Australia, 247 (1988)
  38. H. Ismail, P. K. Freakly, I. Sutherland, E. Sheng, 'Effect of multifunctional additive on mechanical properties of silica filled natural rubber compound', Eur. Polym. J., 31, 1109 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(95)00066-6
  39. H. Ismail, P. K. Freakley, 'Determination of the modes of action of a cationic surfactant for property development in silica-filled natural rubber compounds', Eur. Polym. J., 32, 411 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(95)00171-9
  40. H. Ismail, U. S. Ishiaku, Z. A. M. Ishak, P. K. Freakley, 'The effects of a cationic surfactant (fatty diamine) and a commercial silane coupling agent on the properties of a silica filled natural rubber compound', Eur. Polym. J., 33, 1 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(97)80006-7
  41. H. Ismail, H. H. Chia, 'The effects of multifunctional additive and vulcanization systems on silica filled epoxidized natural rubber compounds', Eur. Polym. J., 34, 1857 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(98)00029-9
  42. J. L. Valentin, I. Mora-Barrantes, A. Rodriguez, L. Ibarra, L. Gonzalez, 'Effect of oleyl amine on SBR compounds filled with silane modified silica', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 103, 1806 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.25332
  43. H. D. Luginaland, 'Reactivity of the sulfur chains of the tetrasulfane silane Si 69 and the disulfane silane TESPD', Kautsch Gummi Kunstst., 53, 10 (2000)
  44. A. Hunsche, U. Gorl, H. G. Koban and T. Lehmann, 'Investigations on the reaction silica/organosilane and organosilane/polymer - Part 2. Kinetic aspects of the silica-organosilane reaction', Kautsch Gummi Kunstst., 51, 525 (1998)
  45. U. Gorl and A. Parkhouse, 'Investigations on the reaction silica/organosilane and organosilane/polymer part 3 : Investigations using rubber compounds', Kautsch Gummi Kunstst., 52, 493 (1999)
  46. A. R. Payne, R. E. Whittaker, 'The dynamic properties of carbon black-loaded natural rubber vulcanizates. Part I', Rubber Chem. Tech., 44, 440 (1971) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3547375
  47. US 5,574,109 (1996), Bridgestone Corp
  48. US 6,133,388 (2000), Hankook Tire Co
  49. US 6,025,450 (2000), Bridgestone Corp
  50. US 5,523,371 (1996), Bridgestone Corp
  51. US 5,736,617 (1998), Bridgestone Corp
  52. US 6,221,975 (2001), Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co
  53. EP 1,739,098 (2009), The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co
  54. JP 1999-263881 (1999), The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co
  55. JP 2002-284930 (2002), 旭化成株式会社
  56. US 5,821,307 (1998), FMC Corporation
  57. JP 2000-273191 (2000), The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co
  58. US 6,555,644 (2003), Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co
  59. JP 2004-231905 (2004), Nippon Zeon Co
  60. KR 2005-0079761 (2005), Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co
  61. EP 1,076,059 (2001), The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co
  62. EP 1,076,060 (2001), The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co
  63. EP 0,476,640 (1992), Bridgestone Corp
  64. JP 2003-119223 (2003), Bayer AG
  65. JP 2006-274010 (2006), 旭化成株式会社