Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Using Factor Aanlyses and Agrochemicals in an Agricultural Area

요인분석과 농약성분 특성에 의한 농업지역의 지하수 수질 평가

  • Lee, Jeong-Hwan (Division of Earth Environmental System, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hamm, Se-Yeong (Division of Earth Environmental System, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Sung (Haksan Girls' Middles School) ;
  • Cheong, Jae-Yeol (Division of Earth Environmental System, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ryu, Sang-Min (Geology & Groundwater Dept., Hyundai Engineering Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Deuk-Ho (Division of Earth Environmental System, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Ji (Division of Earth Environmental System, Pusan National University)
  • 이정환 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부) ;
  • 함세영 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부) ;
  • 김광성 (학산여자중학교) ;
  • 정재열 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부) ;
  • 류상민 (현대엔지니어링 지질지하수부) ;
  • 김득호 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부) ;
  • 김현지 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부)
  • Published : 2009.06.28
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Abstract

This study characterized groundwater quality and the influence of agrochemicals in a part of Ilgwang-Myeon agricultural area in Gijang-Gun, Busan Metropolitan City, using factor analyses. From the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd analyses of groundwater samples, the mean concentrations of $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^+$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$, $NO_3\;^-$, $Cl^-$, $SO_4\;^{2-}$, $F^-$, and $SiO_2$ were higher in the 2nd analysis than the other analyses. Pesticide carbofuran and herbicide alachlor were detected at the wells more than a half of all the wells in the 2nd analysis but not in the 4th analysis. This fact may be explained by that a higher precipitation induced higher infiltration rate of contaminants into groundwater during the 2nd survey. According to R- and Q-mode factor analyses, and chemical composition, inorganic constituents excepting $SiO_2$, $HC0_3\;^-$-, and $F^-$ may be influenced by anthropogenic sources (manures, synthetic fertilizers, and domestic wastes), seawater as well as water-mineral interaction. A typical indicator of groundwater contamination, nitrate, exceeds around 4-5 times over the Korean standard for drinking water. Additionally, the influence of seawater diminishes from the seaside to inland.

본 연구에서는 부산광역시 기장군 일광면 일대 농업지역의 지하수 수질과 농약에 의한 오염 특성을 요인분석을 이용하여 규명하였다. 1, 2, 3차의 수질분석에 의하면, 무기성분($Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^+$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$, $NO_3\;^-$, $Cl^-$, $SO_4\;^{2-}$, $F^-$, $SiO_2$)의 평균농도는 2차조사에서 대체로 높게 나타났으며, 살충제인 carbofuran과 제초제 alachlor는 2차조사에서 과반수가 넘는 지하수공에서 검출이 되었다. 이는 강수량의 증가로 인해서 지하수내로 오염물질의 용출량이 늘어났기 때문으로 판단된다. 요인분석과 수질조성에 의하면, $SiO_2$, $HCO_3\;^-$, $F^-$을 제외한 무기성분들은 인위적인 오염(화학비료, 퇴비, 유기물의 분해, 축산폐수, 생활하수), 염수, 물-광물 반응의 영향을 받고 있다. 인위적인 오염을 대표하는 $NO_3\;^-$평균농도는 먹는물 기준보다 약 4${\sim}$5배 초과하고 있다. 또한, 염수의 영향은 해안에서부터 멀수록 작아지는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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