The KIPS Transactions:PartC (정보처리학회논문지C)

Korea Information Processing Society (한국정보처리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Design of VCR Functions With MPEG Characteristics for VOD based on Multicast

멀티캐스트 기반의 VOD 시스템에서 MPEG의 특성을 고려한 VCR 기능의 설계

  • 이좌형 (강원대학교 컴퓨터정보통신공학과) ;
  • 정인범 (강원대학교 컴퓨터정보통신공학)
  • Published : 2009.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

VOD(Video On Demand) that provides streaming service according to the user's requirement in real time, consists of the video streaming server and the client system. Since it is very hard to apply the traditional server-client model that a server communicates with many clients through 1:1 connection to VOD system because it requires very high network bandwidth, many researches have been done to address this problem. Batching technique is one of VOD system based on Multicast that requires very small network bandwidth. However, the batching based VOD system has a limitation that it is very hard to provide VCR(Video Cassette Recorder) ability. In this paper, we propose a technique that reduces the required network bandwidth to provide VCR function by using the characteristic of MPEG, one of international video compression standard. In the proposed technique, a new video stream for VCR function is constructed with I pictures that is able to be decoded independently. The new video stream for VCR function is transmitted with the video stream for normal play together in Batching manner. The performance evaluation result shows that the proposed technique not only reduces the required network bandwidth and memory usage but also decreases the CPU usages.

VOD(Video On Demand) 시스템은 실시간으로 사용자의 요구를 받아들여 동영상 서비스를 제공하는 시스템으로서 크게 서비스를 제공하는 서버와 사용자의 요구를 처리하는 클라이언트로 구성된다. 하나의 서버에서 다수의 사용자에게 1:1로 서비스를 제공하기에는 네트워크 대역폭의 제약이 크기 때문에 이를 해결하기 위한 다양한 연구들이 진행되어왔다. 그 동안 제안된 다양한 멀티캐스트 기반의 VOD시스템들 중에서 Batching방식의 VOD시스템이 단순하면서 네트워크 부하가 적은 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 Batching방식에 의한 VOD시스템에서는 VCR(Video Cassette Recorder)기능을 제공하기 어렵기 때문에 VOD시스템의 On-Demand 특성을 제대로 제공하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 대표적인 동영상 압축표준인 MPEG의 특성을 이용하여 VCR기능을 제공하기 위해 필요한 대역폭을 최소화하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법에서는 MPEG로 압축된 동영상에서 독립적 재생이 가능한 I픽쳐만 추출하여 빠른 재생을 위한 데이터를 별도로 구성한다. 이렇게 구성된 빠른 재생을 위한 데이터와 일반적인 재생을 위한 데이터 모두 Batching방식으로 멀티캐스팅으로 전송한다. 성능분석을 통하여 제안된 기법을 사용할 경우 클라이언트의 버퍼요구량과 네트워크 사용량을 줄이고 이와 더불어 CPU사용량도 줄어드는 것을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. K.C. Almeroth, M.H. Ammar, 'On the use of multicast delivery to provide a scalable and interactive video-ondemand service,' IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications vol.14, pp.1110-1122, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/49.508282
  2. A. Dan, D. Sitaram, P. Shahabuddin, 'Scheduling policies for an ondemand video server with batching,' in Proceedings of ACM Multimedia, pp. 15-23, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1145/192593.192614
  3. A. Dan, P. Shahabuddin, D. Sitaram, D. Towsley, 'Channel allocation under batching and VCR control in video-on-demand systems,' Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing Vol.30, pp. 168-179, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1006/jpdc.1995.1135
  4. A. Dan, D. Sitaram, P. Shahabuddin, 'Dynamic batching policies for an on-demand video server,' Multimedia Systems Vol.4 pp. 112-121, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1007/s005300050016
  5. S.W. Carter, D.D.E. Long, 'Improving video-on-demand server efficiency through stream tapping,' in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer communications and Networks (ICCCN ''97), Las Vegas, NV, USA, pp. 200-207, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.1997.623313
  6. S.W. Carter, D.D.E. Long, 'Improving bandwidth efficiency on video on-demand servers,' Computer Networks Vol.20, pp.99-111,1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7552(98)00233-5
  7. S.W. Carter, D.D.E. Long, J.-F. Paris, 'An efficient implementation of interactive video-on-demand,' in Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems, San Francisco, CA, pp.172.-179, 2000
  8. K.A. Hua, Y. Cai, S. Sheu, 'Patching: a multicast technique for true video-on-demand services,' in Proceedings of the Sixth ACM Multimedia Conferences, pp.191-200, 1998
  9. C.C Aggarwal, J.L. Wolf, P.S. Yu, 'A permutation-based pyramid broadcasting scheme for video-on-demand systems,' in IEEE Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pp.118-126, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.534963
  10. T. Chiueh, C. Lu, 'A periodic broadcasting approach to video-on demand service,' International Society for Optical Engineering Vol.26, pp.162-169, 1995
  11. Z. Fei, I. Kamel, S. Mukherjee, M.H. Ammar, 'Providing interactive functions for staggered multicast near video-on-demand systems,' in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, vol.2, pp.949-953, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1999.778617
  12. L. Gao, J. Kurose, D. Towsley, 'Efficient schemes for broadcasting popular videos,' in International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video, pp.317-329, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1007/s005300100049
  13. K.A. Hua, S. Sheu, 'Skyscraper broadcasting: a new broadcasting scheme for metropolitan video-on-demand systems,' in ACM SIGCOMM''97, vol.27, pp.89-100, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1145/263109.263144
  14. L.-S. Juhn, L.-M. Tseng, 'Fast broadcasting for hot video access,' in Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, pp.237-243, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/RTCSA.1997.629229
  15. L.-S. Juhn, L.-M. Tseng, 'Harmonic broadcasting for video-on-demand service,' IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting Vol.43, pp.268-271,1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/11.632927
  16. L.-S. Juhn, L.-M. Tseng, 'Enhanced harmonic data broadcasting and receiving scheme for popular video service,' IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics Vol.44, pp.343-346, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/30.681948
  17. L.-S. Juhn, L.-M. Tseng, "Fast data broadcasting and receiving scheme for popular video service," IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, Vol.44, pp.100-105, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/30.681948
  18. N. Kamiyama, V.O.K. Li, 'An efficient deterministic bandwidth allocation method in interactive video-on-demand systems,' in Proceedings of the 1998 Global communication Conference, vol. 2, pp.664-671, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.1998.776824
  19. J.-F. Paris, 'A simple low-bandwidth broadcasting protocol,' Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (IC3N''99) Boston-Natick, MA, pp.118-123, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.1999.805505
  20. J.-F. Paris, S.-W. Carter, D.-D. Long, 'A hybrid broadcasting protocol for video on demand,' in Multimedia Computing and Networking, pp.317-326, 1999
  21. Yu-Wei Chen, Yi-Ta Lee, 'A broadcasting scheme with supporting VCR functions for near video-on-demand systems,' Computer Communications, Vol. 29, pp.257-267, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2005.04.004