대한지리학회지 (Journal of the Korean Geographical Society)

대한지리학회 (The Korean Geographical Society)
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문화관광지의 문화정치와 정체성의 사회적 구성 -일본 훗카이도 오타루의 재해석, 제도화, 재인식-

Cultural Politics and Social Construction of Cultural Tourist Destinations: Reinterpretation, Institutionalization and Recognition of Otaru in Japan

  • 조아라 (서울대학교 일본연구소)
  • Cho, A-Ra (Institute for Japanese Studies, Seoul National University)
  • 발행 : 2009.06.30
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초록

이 연구는 일본사회적 맥락 속에서 지방도시가 관광을 통해 새롭게 창조됨을 밝히고, 지역의 의미가 사회적으로 형성되는 과정을 고찰함으로써, 문화관광지의 지역정체성이 사회적으로 구성되는 프로세스를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 구체적으로, 첫째, 문화관광지의 사회적 구성에 대한 개념틀을 '재해석', '제도화', '재인식' 단계로 제안하였다. 둘째, 일본 지방도시 오타루의 운하보존운동과 역사관광지화에 대한 사례 연구를 통해 문화관광지의 사회적 구성 과정 단계에 대한 심층적 분석을 시도하였다. 셋째, 지역 정체성이 재구성되는 과정에서 작동하고 있는 주된 메커니즘에 대해 체계적으로 고찰하였다. 결론적으로, 지역이 정체성의 정치를 통해 새롭게 재해석되며, 경제적 동기로 인해 그 의미가 수정되고 타협되며 제도화된다는 것을 밝히고, 기억의 정치를 통해 구성된 진정성으로 확립되면서 끊임없이 재구성된다는 점을 제안하였다.

This study aimed to reveal that a local city was recreated by tourism, and to discover a general process in which the regional identity as a tourist destination was reconstructed. Specifically, firstly, this study suggested that the social construction of cultural tourist destinations was composed of a series of dynamic stages such as 'reinterpretation', 'institutionalization', and 'recognition' conceptually. Secondly, the dynamic stages were analyzed on the ethnographic study of Otaru where the movement of preservation of the historical canal was raised and strategies to attract tourism had been implemented. Thirdly, a main mechanism acting on each stage was examined. In conclusion, it was shown that the region was reinterpreted through the politics of identity and the meaning was institutionalized through political and economic negotiation. Moreover, while being established as a constructed authenticity by politics of memory, the regional identity was embedded in the socio-spatial consciousness constantly.

키워드

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