노인생활시설 사회복지사들의 직무 및 조직특성과 직무만족도의 관계에서 전문직업적 정체성의 매개효과

Mediating Effect of Professional Identity on the Relationship between Job- and Organization- related Factors and Job Satisfaction among Social Workers in Senior Welfare Facilities

본 연구는 노인생활시설 사회복지사들의 직무 및 조직특성과 직무만족도의 관계에 있어서 전문직업적 정체성의 매개효과를 보고자 하였다. 연구를 위해 대구시 전체 노인생활시설 24개소에 근무하는 사회복지사 180명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 매개효과 검증을 위한 통계적 분석은 위계적 회귀분석 (Window SPSS 12.0)을 이용하였다. 연구 결과, 직무 및 조직특성, 전문직업적 정체성, 직무만족에 대한 대상자들의 인식은 직무만족(3.28±.63)이 가장 높았으며 전문직업적 정체성(3.23±.50), 직무특성(3.17±.49), 조직특성(3.17±.58)의 순으로 나타났다. 그리고 직무특성(β=.699, p<.001)과 조직특성(β=.871, p<.001)은 직무만족에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 변수로 확인되었다. 뿐만 아니라 전문직업적 정체성을 매개변수로 사용한 경우 직무만족에 대한 직무특성(β=.543, p<.001)과 조직특성(β=.773, p<.001)의 영향력이 감소되어 전문직업적 정체성의 부분적 매개효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of professional identity as mediating variable in the relationship between job- and organization- related factors and job satisfaction. This study surveyed social workers who worked at 24 senior welfare facilities in Daegu·Gyeoungbuk province from Aug. 1. to Aug. 30. 2006. A total of 137 questionnaires were collected using on-site survey (response rate 76.7%). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Descriptive analysis and frequency analysis were performed on overall measurement items and hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the mediating effect of professional identity. The reliability of statements was acceptable since the coefficient alphas were > .70. Results of hierarchical regression showed that professional identity was verified as a partial mediator in the relationship between factors related with job and organization and job satisfaction. As the population ages, there will be an increasing need for professional social workers effectively to work with and help care for the elderly. This study highlighted that job- and organization- related factors, namely self-regulations and social supports, are significantly related with job satisfaction of social workers. Especially, such effect was more significantly apparent in high professional identity which is playing a partial mediator. This result implies that there is potential to change work environments of social workers ensuring a delegation of power and responsibility. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the promotion system and connect social worker as servant with community through diverse service learning programs.