DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A feasibility study on smart base isolation systems using magneto-rheological elastomers

  • Koo, Jeong-Hoi (Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Miami University) ;
  • Jang, Dong-Doo (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST) ;
  • Usman, Muhammad (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST) ;
  • Jung, Hyung-Jo (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST)
  • 투고 : 2009.01.22
  • 심사 : 2009.06.25
  • 발행 : 2009.08.20

초록

This study proposes a new smart base isolation system that employs Magneto-Rheological Elastomers (MREs), a class of smart materials whose elastic modulus or stiffness can be varied depending on the magnitude of an applied magnetic field. It also evaluates the dynamic performance of the MRE-based isolation system in reducing vibrations in structures subject to various seismic excitations. As controllable stiffness elements, MREs can increase the dynamic control bandwidth of the isolation system, improving its vibration reduction capability. To study the effectiveness of the MRE-based isolation system, this paper compares its dynamic performance in reducing vibration responses of a base-isolated single-story structure (i.e., 2DOF) with that of a conventional base-isolation system. Moreover, two control algorithms (linear quadratic regulator (LQR)-based control and state-switched control) are considered for regulating the stiffness of MREs. The simulation results show that the MRE-based isolation system outperformed the conventional system in suppressing the maximum base drift, acceleration, and displacement of the structure.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Choi, K.M., Jung, H.J., Lee, H.J. and Cho, S.W. (2008), "Seismic protection of base-isolated building with nonlinear isolation system using smart passive control strategy", Struct. Control Health Monit., 15, 785-796 https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.274
  2. Deng, H., Gong, X. and Wang, L. (2006), "Development of an adaptive tuned vibration absorber with magnetorheological elastomer", Smart. Mater. Struct., 15, 111-116 https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/5/N02
  3. Feng, Q. and Shinozuka, M. (1990), "Use of a variable damper for hybrid control of bridge response under earthquake", Proc., U.S. National Workshop on Structural Control Research, USC Publication No. CE-9013
  4. Fujitani, H., Sodeyama, H., Tomura, T., Hiwatashi, T., Shiozaki, Y., Hata, K., Sunkoda, K., Morishita, S. and Soda, S. (2003), "Development of 400 kN magnetorheological damper for a real base-isolated building", Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, 5057, SPIE, Billingham, Wash https://doi.org/10.1117/12.483810
  5. Gandhi, F. and Anusonti-Inthra, P. (2003), "Adaptive control of semiactive variable stiffness devices for narrowband disturbance rejection", J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct., 14, 191-201 https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X03014003007
  6. Hall, J.F., Heaton, T.H., Halling, M.W. and Wald, D.J. (1995), "Nearsource ground motion and its effects on flexible buildings", Earthq. Spect., 11(4), 569-605 https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585828
  7. Heaton, T.H., Hall, J.F., Wald, D.J. and Halling, M.V. (1995), "Response of high-rise and base-isolated buildings in a hypothetical Mw 7.0 blind thrust earthquake", Science, 267, 206-211 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.267.5195.206
  8. Hwang, I.H., Lim, J.H. and Lee, J.S. (2006), "A study on base isolation performance of magneto-sensitive rubbers", J. Earthq. Eng. Soc. Korea, 10, 77-84 (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.5000/EESK.2006.10.4.077
  9. Johnson, E.A., Ramallo, J.C., Spencer, B.F., Jr. and Sain, M.K. (1999), "Intelligent base isolation systems", Proc., 2nd World Conf. on Structural Control, Kyoto, Japan, 1, 367-376
  10. Jung, H.J., Choi, K.M., Park, K.S. and Cho, S.W. (2007), "Seismic protection of base isolated structures using smart passive control system", Smart Struct. Syst., 3(3), 385-403 https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2007.3.3.385
  11. Jung, H.J., Choi, K.M., Spencer, B.F., Jr. and Lee, I.W. (2006), "Application of some semi-active control algorithms to a smart base-isolated building employing MR dampers", Struct. Control Health Monit., 13, 693-704 https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.106
  12. Jung, H.J., Spencer, B.F., Jr., Ni, Y.Q. and Lee, I.W. (2004), "State-of-the-art of semiactive control systems using MR fluid dampers in civil engineering applications", Struct. Eng. Mech., 17(3-4), 493-526
  13. Kelly, J.M., Leitmann, G. and Soldatos, A.G. (1987), "Robust control of base-isolated structures under earthquake excitation", J. Optimit. Theory App., 53, 159-180 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00939213
  14. Kenneth, A.C., Sergio, D.R., Nader, S. and Gregg, L. (2000), "State-switched absorber for semi-active structural control", J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct., 11, 300-310
  15. Koo, J.H., Khan, F., Jang, D.D. and Jung, H.J. (2008) "Dynamic characterization and modeling of Magneto-Rheological elastomers under compressive loadings", Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrorheological Fluids and Magnetorheological Suspensions, Dresden, Germany https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/149/1/012093
  16. Makris, N. (1997), "Rigidity-plasticity-viscosity: Can electrorheological dampers protect base isolated structures from near-source ground motions?", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Eng., 26, 571-591 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199705)26:5<571::AID-EQE658>3.0.CO;2-6
  17. Naeim, F. and Kelly, J.M. (1999), Design of Seismic Isolated Structures: From Theory to Practice, Wiley, Chichester, England
  18. Nagarajaiah, S. (1994), "Fuzzy controller for structures with hybrid isolation system", Proc., 1st World Conf. on Structural Control, Los Angeles, TA2, 67-76
  19. Nagarajaiah, S., Riley, M.A. and Reinhorn, A. (1993), "Control of sliding-isolated bridge with absolute acceleration feedback", J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 119(11), 2317-2332 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1993)119:11(2317)
  20. Ramallo, J.C., Johnson, E.A. and Spencer, B.F., Jr. (2002), "Smart" base isolation systems", J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 128(10), 1088-1099 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:10(1088)
  21. Reinhorn, A.M. and Riley, M. (1994), "Control of bridge vibrations with hybrid devices", Proc., 1st World Conf. on Structural Control, Los Angeles, TA2, 50-59
  22. Reinhorn, A.M., Soong, T.T. and Wen, C.Y. (1987), "Base-isolated structures with active control", Proc., ASME PVP Conf., San Diego, PVP-127, 413-420
  23. Schmitendorf, W.E., Jabbari, F. and Yang, J.N. (1994), "Robust control techniques for buildings under earthquake excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 23, 539-552 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290230506
  24. Skinner, R.I., Robinson, W.H. and McVerry, G.H. (1993), An Introduction to Seismic Isolation, Wiley, Chichester, England
  25. Spencer, B.F., Jr. and Nagarajaiah, S. (2003), "State of the art of structural control", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 129(7), 845-856 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:7(845)
  26. Symans, M.D. and Constantinou, M.C. (1999), "Semi-active control systems for seismic protection of structures: A state-of-the-art review", Eng. Struct., 21, 469-487 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00225-3
  27. Symans, M.D. and Kelly, S.W. (1999), "Fuzzy logic control of bridge structures using intelligent semi-active seismic isolation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 28, 37-60 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199901)28:1<37::AID-EQE803>3.0.CO;2-Z
  28. Wang, F.X., Li, W.J., Zhang, Q.X. and Wu, X.J. (2005), "Operation principle and design of a differential magnetic shape memory actuator", IEEE Ind. Appl. Conf., 3, 2114-2118 https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2005.1518739
  29. Yang, J.N., Wu, J.C., Reinhorn, A.M. and Riley, M. (1996), "Control of sliding-isolated buildings using slidingmode control", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 122(2), 179-186 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:2(179)
  30. Yoshida, K., Kang, S. and Kim, T. (1994), "LQG control and H control of vibration isolation for multi-degreeof-freedom systems", Proc., 1st World Conf. on Structural Control, Los Angeles, TP4, 43-52
  31. Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S. and Takeda, Y. (1999), "Semi-active control of base isolation using feedforward information of disturbance", Proc., 2nd World Conf. on Structural Control, Kyoto, Japan, 1, 377-386
  32. Yoshioka, H., Ramallo, J.C. and Spencer, B.F., Jr. (2002), "Smart' base isolation strategies employing magnetorheological damper", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 128(5), 540-551 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:5(540)

피인용 문헌

  1. Hybrid Control System for Greater Resilience Using Multiple Isolation and Building Connection vol.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2016.00026
  2. Automatic generation of smart earthquake-resistant building system: Hybrid system of base-isolation and building-connection vol.2, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00069
  3. A miniature MRE isolator for lateral vibration suppression of bridge monitoring equipment: design and verification vol.26, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aa5d97
  4. Direct energy flow measurement in magneto-sensitive vibration isolator systems vol.331, pp.9, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.01.015
  5. A laminated magnetorheological elastomer bearing prototype for seismic mitigation of bridge superstructures vol.26, pp.14, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X15577654
  6. Modelling energy flow through magneto-sensitive vibration isolators vol.65, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2013.02.003
  7. Innovative Seismic Response-Controlled System with Shear Wall and Concentrated Dampers in Lower Stories vol.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2017.00057
  8. Modeling of a new semi-active/passive magnetorheological elastomer isolator vol.23, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/4/045013
  9. Indirect energy flow measurement in magneto-sensitive vibration isolator systems vol.74, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2012.09.011
  10. A Simple Response Evaluation Method for Base-Isolation Building-Connection Hybrid Structural System under Long-Period and Long-Duration Ground Motion vol.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2018.00002
  11. Smart passive control of buildings with higher redundancy and robustness using base-isolation and inter-connection vol.4, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.4.6.649
  12. Dual Control High-rise Building for Robuster Earthquake Performance vol.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2017.00012
  13. Application of MR Elastomers for Improving Seismic Protection of Base-Isolated Structures vol.47, pp.10, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2011.2156771
  14. Characterization of actuation properties of magnetorheological elastomers with embedded hard magnetic particles vol.23, pp.9, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X12439635
  15. Performance evaluation of base-isolated structures with sliding hydromagnetic bearings pp.15452255, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2278
  16. Genetic algorithm based nonlinear self-tuning fuzzy control for time-varying sinusoidal vibration of a magnetorheological elastomer vibration isolation system vol.27, pp.8, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aacd32
  17. Application of tuned liquid column ball damper (TLCBD) for improved vibration control performance of multi-storey structure vol.14, pp.10, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224436
  18. Time delay analysis and constant time-delay compensation control for MRE vibration control system with multiple-frequency excitation vol.29, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ab3cfa
  19. Fuzzy-neural network control for a Magnetorheological elastomer vibration isolation system vol.29, pp.7, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ab874d
  20. Recent Progress in Isotropic Magnetorheological Elastomers and Their Properties: A Review vol.12, pp.12, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12123023
  21. Investigation of the Structural Response of the MRE-Based MDOF Isolated Structure under Historic Near- and Far-Fault Earthquake Loadings vol.11, pp.6, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062876
  22. Effect of Tuned Spring on Vibration Control Performance of Modified Liquid Column Ball Damper vol.12, pp.1, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010318