DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Childrens' Health Risk Assessment on Indoor Hazardous Air Pollutants of Preschool Facility

유아교육시설 내 실내공기유해오염물질에 대한 어린이 건강위해성평가

  • Koh, Yeon-Jung (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Shin-Do (Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Suk-Young (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Jang, Seong-Ki (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 고연정 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 김신도 (서울시립대학교 환경공학부) ;
  • 박숙영 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 장성기 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과)
  • Published : 2009.04.30

Abstract

In this study, the hazard rate of the indoor environment of Children's Educational Facilities in Seoul was conducted, in order to determine how the indoor environments of these facilities, where infants and children spend the most time of their away from home day, can effect their health. The way of measurement and analysis were done according to the Indoor Air Quality Standard Method, and the Risk Assessment was accomplished with several significant ways - Hazard Identification, Exposure Assessment, Dose-response Assessment, Risk Characterization, which are deighed by National Research Council (NRC). On each exposure factors, documentary and questionary research such as Epidemiological study and Toxicological study were conducted. The result of the CTE (Central tendency exposure) of Formaldehyde and Benzene by Monte-Carlo simulation was $6.79{\times}10^{-6}$, $2.50{\times}10^{-7}$ which in the case of Formaldehyde exceeded the permitted standard ($10^{-6}$) of the US EPA. The RME(Reasonable maximum exposure) was $7.31{\times}10^{-5}$, $2.65{\times}10^{-6}$ which did not exceed $10^{-4}$, the maximum permitted standards in the US EPA.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim, I. c., Kim, Y. S., Roh, Y. M. and Hong, S. C. : Health risk assessment of indoor HAPs in new apartments. Korea Journal of Environmental Health, 33(1), 1-10, 2007 https://doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2007.33.1.001
  2. Adams, W. C. : Measurement of breathing rate and volume in reutinely performed daily activities, Final Report. California Air Resources Board(CARB) Contract No. A033-205, 1993
  3. Layton, D. W. : Metabolically consistent breathing rates for use in dose assessments. Health Physics 64(1), 23-36, 1993
  4. U.S. EPA: Exposure factor handbook Washington DC (Office of health and environmental assessment). EPAl600/P-95/002Fa, 1997
  5. U.S. EPA, Guiding principles for monte carlo analysis, EPAl6301R-97/001, 1-35, 1997
  6. Commission of the European Communities, Joint Research Center - Institute for the Environment. European Concerted Action Report No.4. Sick Building Syndrome A Practical Guide. 1989
  7. WHO, Guidelines for air quality. Geneva. 2000
  8. U.S. EPA, IRIS(Litegrated Risk Information System). http://www.epa.gov/iris/
  9. Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Korean Journal of Pediatrics. Normative National Growth References for Korean Children and Adolescents.2007
  10. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, 5th nationwide survey, 2004
  11. U.S. EPA: Guiding principles for monte carlo analysis, EPAl6301R-97/00L 1-35, 1997
  12. Jung, S. W., Yang, W. H. and Son, B. W. : Health Risk Assessment by Potential Exposure of NO$_{2}$ and VOCs in Apartments. Korea Journal of Environmental Health, 33(4), 242-249, 2007 https://doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2007.33.4.242
  13. Park, J. S., Kim, D. S. and Chung, H. W. : Analysis of Uncertainty and Variability in Environmental Epidemiology and Health Risk Assessment Studies in Korea. Korea Journal of Environmental Health, 29(5), 101-109, 2003
  14. Ha, E. II. : WHO(World Health Organization) EU(European Union) Children's Environmental health policy and cases. Conference for Children's Environmental Health Policy Establishment, 16-18, 2006
  15. Garrettet al. Allergy (1999). Increased Risk of Allergy in Children Due to Formaldehyde Exposure in homes
  16. Him, J. H. : Trends and Challenges of Children's Evnironmental Health Policy in Korea. Conference for Children's Environmental Health Policy Establishment, 22-30, 2006