Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Subacute Oral Toxicity Study of a New Type of Cordyceps, Paecilomyces sinclairii, in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Kwack, Seung-Jun (Department of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Toxicological Research) ;
  • Lee, Byung-Mu (Division of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • Published : 2009.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the 2 week-oral toxicity of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Sprague-Dawley rats. P. sinclairii was daily administered to male and female rats for 2 weeks with different dose levels (0, 0.008, 0.04, 0.2, 1 and 5 g/kg). There were no clinical signs compared with control group, but a slight increase of white blood cell (WBC) was observed in the males rats receiving all dose levels of P. sinclairii. In biohematological analysis, the levels of glucose and cholesterol in the blood were decreased slightly in the males and females rats at doses of 0.008 or 1 g/ kg. At the all dose groups, there were no significant changes in the body weights, but autopsy findings of all organs showed reduced weights in the thymus of males in the high dose groups of 1 g/ kg and 5 g/kg. These results indicate that P. sinclairii does not induce any significant toxic effect on Sprague-Dawley rats treated for 2 weeks, but the reduced weights of thymus in males may require a further long-term investigation.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, M.Y., Kang, S.C., Jung, N.J., Koo, H.J., Kwack, S.J., Yoo, E.J., Jung, J.A., Ko, J.K., Ryu, K.S., Jee, S.D., Lee, Y.W. and Lee, B.M. (2003). Acute oral toxicity of Paecilomyces sinclairii in beagle dogs. J. Toxicol. Pub. Health, 19, 241-245
  2. Furuya, T., Hirotani, M. and Matsuzawa, M. (1983). N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenosine, a biologically active compound from cultured mycelia of cordyceps and isaria species. Phytochem., 22, 2509-2512 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80150-2
  3. Fujino, M., Li, X.K., Kitazawa, Y., Guo, L., Kawasaki, M., Funeshima, N., Amano, T. and Suzuki, S. (2002). Distinct pathways of apoptosis triggered by FTY720, etoposide, and anti-fas antibody I human T-lymphoma cell line (jurkat cells). J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 300, 939-945 https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.300.3.939
  4. Fujino, M., Li, X.K., Guo, L., Amano, T. and Suzuki, S. (2001). Activation of caspases and mitochondria in FTY720-mediated apoptosis in human T cell line Jurkat. Int. Immunopharmacol., 1, 2011-2021 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00130-8
  5. Ikumoto, T., Sasaki, S., Namba, H., Toyama, R., Moritoki., H. and Mouri, T. (1991). Physiologically active compounds in the extracts from tochukaso and cultured mycelia of Cordyceps and Isaria. Yakugaku Zasshi, 111, 504-509 https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.111.9_504
  6. Kanki, K., Nishikawa, A., Furukawa F., Kitamura, Y., Imazawa, T., Umemura, T. and Hirose, M. (2003). A 13-week subchronic toxicity study of paprika color in F344 rats. Food Chem. Toxicol., 41, 1337-1343 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-6915(03)00136-4
  7. Kiho, T., Hui, J., Yamane, A. and Ukai, S. (1993). Polysaccharides in fungi. XXXII. Hypoglycemic activity and chemical properties of a polysaccharide from the cultural mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 16, 1291-1293, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.16.1291
  8. Kiho, T., Yamane, A., Hui, J. and Ukai, S. (1996). Polysaccharides in fungi. XXXVI. Hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide (CS-F30) from the cultural mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis and its effect on glucose metabolism in mouse liver. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 19, 294-296 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.19.294
  9. Kim, H.S., Lee, S.K., Kim, K.B., Kwack, S.J., Ahn, M.Y., Choi, B.C. and Lee, B.M. (1996). Acute oral toxicity of KDRD-002 in rats. J. Appl. Pharmacol., 4, 310-313
  10. Kim, H.S., Park, S.M., Kim, Y.K., Byun, S.H., Yun, J.D., Yu, Y.H., Lee, H.W. and Lee, B.M. (1993). Acute toxicity of DWH-01 (Ranitidine : Bithmuth Subcitrate : Sucralfate) in rats. J. Appl. Pharmacol., 2, 262-265
  11. Kim, S.W., Hwang, H.J., Xu, C.P., Choi, J.W. and Yun, J.W. (2003). Effect of aeration and agitation on the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides in an enthomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces sinclairii. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 36, 321-326 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765X.2003.01318.x
  12. Kitamura Y., Nishikawa, A., Furukawa, F., Nakamura, H., Okazaki, K., Umemura, T., Imazawa, T. and Hirose, M. (2003). A subchronic toxicity study of shea nut color in Wistar rats. Food Chem. Toxicol., 41, 1537-1542 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-6915(03)00170-4
  13. Kuo, Y.C., Lin, C.Y., Tsai, W.J., Wu, C.L., Chen, C.F. and Shiao, M.S. (1994). Growth inhibitors against tumor cells in Cordyceps sinensis other than cordycepin and polysaccharides. Cancer Invest., 12, 611-615 https://doi.org/10.3109/07357909409023046
  14. Kwack, S.J., Chun, S.A., Lim, S.Y., Park, H.S., Hong, C.Y., Kim, W.B. Kim, B.M., Ahn, B.O. and Lee, B.M. (1996). Acute toxicity study of recombinant human erythropoietin(rHu-EPO) in rats. Journal of Applied Pharmacology, 4, 330-333
  15. Landsdown, A.B. (1993). Animal husbandry. In: Anderson, D.(Ed.), Experimental Toxicoloy, the Basic Issues. BIBRA, Surrey, UK, p. 101. RSC Publishing
  16. Litchfield, J.T., Jr. and Wilcoxon, F. (1949). A simplified method of evaluating dose-effect experiments. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 96, 99-113
  17. Liu, X.Y., Wu, C.Z. and Li, C.C. (1991). Antioxidation of Paecilomyces sinensis (S. pnov.). Chin. J. Trad. Med., 4, 289-303
  18. Long, G., Symanowski, T. and Roback, K. (1998). Precision in data acquisition and reporting of organ weight in rats and mice. Toxicol. Pathol., 26, 316-318 https://doi.org/10.1177/019262339802600304
  19. Lorke, D. (1983). A new approach to practical toxicity testing. Arch. Toxicol., 54, 275-287 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01234480
  20. Mellert, W., Deckardt K., Gembardt, C., Schulte S., Ravenzwaay B.V. and Slesinski, R.S. (2002). Thirteen-week oral toxicity study of synthetic lycopene products in rats. Food Chem. Toxicol., 40, 1581-1588 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00113-8
  21. Oh, G.S., Hong, K.H., Oh, H., Pae, H.O., Kim, I.K., Kim, N.Y., Kwon, T.O., Shin, M.K. and Chung, H.T. (2001). 4-Acetyl-12,13-epoxyl-9-trichothecene-3,15-diol isolated from the frutiting bodies of Isaria japonica Yasuda induces apoptosis of human leukemia cells (HL-60). Biol. Pharm. Bull., 24, 785-789 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.785
  22. Rehg, J.E. and Toth, L.A. (1998). Rodent quarantine programs: purpose, principles and practice. Laboratory Animals in Science, 48, 438-447
  23. Schlede, E., Mischke, U., Diener, W. and Kayser, D. (1995). The international validation study of the acute toxic class method (oral). Arch. Toxicol., 69, 659-670 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002040050229
  24. Shin, K.H., Lim, S.S., Lee, S.H., Lee, Y.S., Jung, S.H. and Cho, S.Y. (2003). Anti-tumor and immuno-stimulating activities of the fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces japonica, a new type of Cordyceps spp. Phytother. Res., 17, 830-833 https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1253

Cited by

  1. Kidney Toxicity Induced by 13 Weeks Exposure to the Fruiting Body of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Rats vol.28, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5487/TR.2012.28.3.179