Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
권호 표지

Food Habits of the Asian Paddle Crab, Charybdis japonica (A. Milne-Edwards) on the Jangbong Tidal Flat, Incheon, Korea

민꽃게, Charybdis japonica (A. Milne-Edwards)의 섭식생태

  • Received : 2009.07.25
  • Accepted : 2009.09.15
  • Published : 2009.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The Asian paddle crab, Charybdis japonica (A. Milne-Edwards) is an important fishery resource in Korea. Despite its common occurrence and commercial importance, few studies have been carried out on the life cycle and trophic ecology of these populations inhabiting on the tidal flat. Food habits of C. japonica populations were investigated on the Jangbong tidal flat, Incheon, Korea. Monthly samples were taken using a modified otter trawl from November 1999 to January 2001. Based on the examination of stomach contents from 257 individuals, the frequencies of occurrence and the relative volumes of food items were analysed. As a result, the crustaceans (the brachyura, the cirripedia and the harpacticoid copepoda), the echinoderms (the ophiuroidea) and the molluscs (the cephalopoda Loligo beka, the bivalves Bivalvia unid. and Mytilus galloprovincialis) were important food for this species. To examine ontogenetic shifts in diets, individuals of C. japonica were categorized into 2 different size classes (${\leq}60mm$ and ${\geq}61mm$ in carapace width) representing sexually premature and mature stages. The food items of the small crabs (${\leq}60mm$) were dominated by the crustaceans with the harpacticoid copepods constituting 84.6% of total prey number. The next group was the bivalves and the brachyurans. On the other hand, the large crabs (${\geq}61mm$) mainly feed on the bivalvia (Mytilus galloprovincialis and Bivalvia unid.), the brachyurans (Crab unid.) and occasionally the cephalopods and fishes. The difference in proportions of the main prey items among these two size classes was statistically significant. Therefore, the feeding habits of the portunid crab, C. japonica changed with growth.

본 연구는 갯벌을 이용하는 민꽃게(Charybdis japonica) 개체군의 섭식생태를 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 표본 채집을 위한 현장조사는 1999년 11월부터 2001년 1월까지 매월별로 변형된 오타트롤(modified otter trawl)을 이용하여 실시하였다. 섭식특성 파악을 위한 위내용물 분석은 총 273개체를 대상으로 하였다. 위내용물 분석 결과, 본 종의 주된 먹이생물은 절지동물문 갑각류의 게류 (Brachyura), 만각류 (Cirripedia), 저서성 요각류(Harpacticoid copepoda), 극피동물문의 거미불가사리류(Ophiuroidea) 및 연체동물문의 이매패류(Bivalvia)와 두족류 (Cephalopoda) 등이었다. 민꽃게의 생물학적 특성(성 성숙에 이르는 정도)을 기초로 성장에 따른 먹이생물의 변화를 파악하기 위하여 2개의 크기군(${\leq}60mm$와 ${\geq}61mm$ 갑폭)으로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 소형 크기 개체는 중형저서동물인 저서성 요각류를, 중 대형 크기 개체는 이매패류와 게류를 주된 먹이원으로 하였다. 이상에서와 같이 생물학적 특성으로 구분된 2개의 크기군에 따라 먹이생물의 조성에는 차이가 있었고, 이것은 성장에 따라 점차적으로 먹이습성이 변화함을 시사하는 것으로 판단할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Carter CG, DJ Grove and DM Carter. 1991. Trophic resource partitioning between two coexisting flatfish species off the North Coast of Anglesey, North Wales. Neth. J. Sea Res. 27:325-335 https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(91)90035-Y
  2. Cort$\bar{e}$s E. 1997. A critical review of methods of studying fish feeding based on analysis of stomach contents: application to elasmobranch fishes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 54:726-738 https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-54-3-726
  3. Greenstreet SPR, AD Bryant, N Broekhuizen, SJ Hall and MR Heath. 1997. Seasonal variation in the consumption of food by fish in the North Sea and implications for food web dynamics. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 54:243-266 https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1996.0183
  4. Heo YS, BK Lee and MK Huh. 2006. Morphological variability of the Japanese swimming Charybdis japonica populations. J. life Sci. 14:672-675. (in Korean)
  5. Hyslop EJ. 1980. Stomach contents analysis - a review of methods and their application. J. Fish. Biol. 17:411-429 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1980.tb02775.x
  6. Imajima M. 1972. Review of the annelid worms of the family Nereidae of Japan, with descriptions of five new species or subspecies. Bull. Natu. Sci. Mus. Tokyo. 15:153pp
  7. Ivlev VS. 1961. Experimental Ecology of Feeding of Fish, Yale Univ. Press New Haven. 302pp
  8. Jiang W, T Meng, R Chen and S Wei. 1998. Diet of Charybdis japonica (A. Milne-Edwards) and Portunus trituberculatus (Miers) in the Bohai Sea. Haiyan Shuichan Yanjiu. 19:53-59. (in Chinese)
  9. Kim HS. 1973. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 14, Anomura and Brachyura. Ministry of Education, Korea. 694pp. (in Korean)
  10. Kim HS. 1977. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 19, Macrura. Ministry of Education, Korea. 414pp. (in Korean)
  11. Kim KB. 2001. Growth and reproduction of Charydbis japonica (A. Milne Edwards) (Decapoda: Portunidae). Ph.D. Thesis, Pukyung Natl. Univ. 173pp. (in Korean)
  12. KORDI (Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute). 1987. Ecological Data of Marine Organisms. KORDI BSPE 00091-131-3. 249pp. (in Korean)
  13. Kwak SN. 1997. Biotic communities and feeding ecology of fish in Zostera marina beds off Dae Island in Kwangyang Bay. Ph.D. Thesis, Pukyung Natl. Univ. Korea. 411pp. (in Korean)
  14. Linke TE, ME Platell and IC Potter. 2001. Factors influencing the partitioning of food resources among six fish species in a large embayment with juxtaposing bare sand and seagrass habitats. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 266:193-217 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00356-2
  15. Miller A, GJ Inglis and R Poulin. 2006. Comparison of the ectosymbiont and parasites of an introduced crab, Charybdis japonica, with sympatric and allopatric population of a native New Zealand crab, Ovalipes catharus (Brachyura: Portunidae). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 40:369-378 https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2006.9517428
  16. MOMAF (Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries). 1999. Ecology and seed production of Charybdis japonica. 172pp
  17. Narita T and H Sekiguchi. 2002. Food habits of crabs in Ise Bay, Central Japan. Japanese J. Benthology. 57:1-12 https://doi.org/10.5179/benthos.57.1
  18. Nishimura S. (ed.). 1992. Guide to Seashore Animals of Japan with Color Pictures and Keys. Vol. I. Hoikusha, Tokyo. 663pp
  19. Nishimura S. (ed.). 1995. Guide to Seashore Animals of Japan with Color Pictures and Keys. Vol. II. Hoikusha, Tokyo. 425pp
  20. Okutani T. 1994. Field Books. Vol. 8. Yama-kei Publishers Co. Ltd. Tokyo, 367pp
  21. Okutani T. (ed.). 2000. Marine Mollusks in Japan. Tokai Univ. Press Tokyo. 1173pp
  22. Paik EI. 1989. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 31, Polychaeta. Ministry of Education, Korea. 764pp. (in Korean)
  23. Pinkas L, MS Oliphant and ILK Iverson. 1971. Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in California waters. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Fish Bull. 152:1-105
  24. Ryu SH. 1997. Sequence analysis of rDNA in Charybdis japonica. Ms.C. Thesis, Seoul Natl. Univ. 54pp
  25. Sakai T. 1976. Crabs of Japan and the adjacent Seas. Kodansha Ltd. Tokyo. 725pp., 157pls
  26. Seo HC. 1994. Studies on the seed production of swim crab Charybdis japonica. Ms. C. Thesis, Soonchunhyang Univ. 35pp. (in Korean)
  27. Seo IS. 2003. Community structure and trophic relationships of macro- and megabenthic assemblages on Incheon macrotidal flat of the Yellow Sea. Ph.D. Thesis, Inha Univ. 273pp. (in Korean)
  28. Shen CJ. 1932. The Brachyuran Crustacea of North China - Series A. Invertebrates of China. The Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, Peiping, China. 321pp
  29. Shin S and BJ Rho. 1996. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 36, Echinodermata. Ministry of Education, Korea. 780pp. (in Korean)
  30. Silva A. 1999. Feeding habits of John Dory, Zeus faber, off the Portuguese continental coast. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 79: 333-340 https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531549800037X
  31. Smith PJ, WR Webber, SM McVeagh, GJ Inglis and N Gust. 2003. DNA and morphological identification of an invasive swimming crab, Charybdis japonica, in New Zealand water. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 37:753-762 https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2003.9517205
  32. Stevens BG and DA Armstrong. 1984. Distribution, abundance and growth of juvenile Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in Grays Harbor Estuary, Washington. Fisheries Bulletin. 82:469-483
  33. Sudo H, N Kajihara and T Fujii. 2008. Predation by the swimming crab Charybdis japonica and piscivorous fishes: A major mortality factor in hatchery-reared juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichtys olivaceus released in Mano Bay, Sado Island, Japan. Fisheries Research. 89:49-56 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2007.08.012
  34. Wang C, L Xue, F Liu and J Pan. 1996. The preliminary study on reproductive biology of Charybdis (Charybdis) japonica (A. Milne-Edwards). Journal of Zhejiang College of Fisheries. 15:261-266
  35. Wear RG and M Haddon. 1987. Natural diet of the crabs Ovalipes catharus (Crustacea, Portunidae) around central and northern New Zealand. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 35:39-49 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps035039
  36. Williams MJ. 1981. Methods for analysis of natural diet in portunid crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 52:103-113 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(81)90174-X
  37. Yang D and R Sun. 1988. Polychaetous Annelids commonly seen from the Chines Waters. ISBN7-109-00135-0/Q1. 352pp