Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Comparative Study on Distribution of Heavy Metals of the Surface Sediments in East/West Oceanic Dumping Areas

동/서해병 해역 표층 퇴적물의 중금속 분포 특성 비교

  • Kim, Pil-Geun (Petroleum & Marine Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Park, Maeng-Eon (Department of Environmental Geosciences, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Sung, Kyu-Youl (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime University) ;
  • Lim, Sung-Taek (Department of Environmental Geosciences, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Oh, Sul-Mi (Department of Environmental Geosciences, Pukyong National University)
  • 김필근 (한국지질자원연구원 석유해저연구본부) ;
  • 박맹언 (부경대학교 환경지질과학과) ;
  • 성규열 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 임성택 (부경대학교 환경지질과학과) ;
  • 오설미 (부경대학교 환경지질과학과)
  • Published : 2009.04.28
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Abstract

The distribution characteristics of heavy metals for surface sediments in east oceanic dumping area (EDA) and west oceanic dumping area (WDA) are evaluated by grain sizes, minerals, sedimentation rates and compositions of heavy metals. The mean grain sizes in EDA and WDA range from $7.95{\Phi}$ to $8.51{\Phi}$ and $7.42{\Phi}$ to $8.15{\Phi}$, respectively. These are mostly belonging to the M (mud) type. Minerals in the surface sediments consist of illite with chlorite, smectite, and kaolinite. Sedimentation rates estimated by $^{210}Pb$ method in EDA and WDA are 1.11 mm/yr$\sim$1.73 mm/yr and 1.87 mm/yr, respectively. According to the interrelationship, concentrations of Ni, Cu, Cr, and Zn are closely associated with mean grain size, Al, and Fe, whereas concentrations of Cd and Pb are poorly associated with ones. The enrichment factors of these elements are higher than 1.5, suggesting that the concentrations of Cd and Pb in the surface sediments are affected by anthropogenic sources. The $I_{geo}$-class numbers of Cd and Pb in the surface sediments are mostly classified in 2 to 4, showing moderate to strongly polluted. These numbers in EDA are higher than that of WDA, and the highest number is 4, indicative of the strongly polluted class. Our results show that the disposed wastes at EDA include mineralogical wastes, dredged materials from sewage disposals, and sludges from constructions having materials of WDA. The annual amount of oceanic dumping in EDA is double than that in WDA.

폐기물 해양 투기 지역인 동해병과 서해병 해역 표층퇴적물의 입도, 광물학적 특성, 퇴적속도 및 중금속 함량을 분석하여 중금속 분포 특성을 비교하였다. 동해병과 서해병 해역의 입도는 각각 $7.95{\sim}8.51{\Phi}$와 $7.42{\sim}8.15{\Phi}$의 범위이며, 동해병 해역의 일부 정점을 제외한 모든 정점의 퇴적상은 니질 퇴적물에 속한다 연구지역 표층퇴적물의 주 구성 점토광물은 일라이트이며, 카올린 계열 광물과 녹니석, 스멕타이트로 소량 구성되어 있다. $^{210}Pb$에 의해 추정된 동해병해역 표층퇴적물의 퇴적속도는 1.11 mm/yr$\sim$1.73 mm/yr이며, 서해병해역 퇴적물의 퇴적속도는 1.87 mm/yr이다. 상관성 분석 결과, 니켈, 구리, 크롬 및 아연은 평균입도, 알루미늄 및 철과 밀접한 상관성을 보인다. 반면, 연구지역 퇴적물의 카드뮴과 납은 이들 요소들과 상관성이 결여되어 있을 뿐만 아니라, 부화지수가 1.5이상으로 인위적인 오염의 징후를 보인다. 그리고 카드뮴과 납의 $I_{geo}$-class 역시 대부분 $2{\sim}4$로 moderately polluted$\sim$strongly polluted로 분류된다. 특히, 동해병의 $I_{geo}$-class가 최대 4인 strongly polluted로 분류되어 서해병 해역보다 높다. 이는 동해병 해역에 투기되는 폐기물이 서해병 해역에 투기되는 폐기물뿐만 아니라, 광물성폐기물, 하수도준설토사, 건설공사 오니 등이 추가로 배출되고 있으며, 양적으로도 서해병 보다 두 배 이상 투여되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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