참고문헌
- Akiyama K. (2006). Gas chromatographic analysis and aerosol mass spectrometer measurement of diesel exhaust particles composition. Talanta. 70:178-181 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2006.02.044
- Cho YS, Lee JT, Jung CH, Chun YS and Kim YS. (2008). Relation between particulate matter measured by optical particle counter and mortality in Seoul, Korea, during 2001. Journal of Environmental Health. 71:37-43
- Choi KT. (2008). Botanical characteristics, pharmacological effects and medicinal components of Korean Panax ginseng CA Meyer. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 29:1109-1118 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00869.x
- Finkelman FD, Yang M, Orekhova T, Clyne E, Nerbstein J, Whitekus M, Diaz-Sabchez D and Morris SC. (2004). Diesel exhaust particles suppress in vivo IFN-gamma production by inhibiting cytokine effects on NK and NKT cells. The Journal of Immunology. 172:3808-3813 https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.172.6.3808
- Finotto S, De Sanctis GT, Lehr HA, Herz U, Buerke M, Schipp M, Bartsch B, Atreya R, Schmitt E, Galle PR, Renz H and Neurath MF. (2001). Treatment of allergic airway inflammation and hyperrespon- siveness by antisense-induced local blockade of GATA-3 expression. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 193:1247-1260 https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.11.1247
- Gowdy K, Krantz QT, Daniels M, Linak WP, Jaspers I and Gilmour MI. (2008). Modulation of pulmonary inflammatory responses and antimicrobial defenses in mice exposed to diesel exhaust. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 229:310-319 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.040
- Hammond H, De Vries VC, Maldonado-Lopez R, Moser M, Maliszewski C, Hoogsteden HC and Lambrecht BN. (2004). Differential capacity of CD8+ alpha or CD8- alpha dendritic cell subsets to prime for eosinophilic airway inflammation in the T-helper type 2-prone milieu of the lung. Allergy. 12:1834-1840 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02133.x
- Hofseth LJ and Wargovich MJ. (2007). Inflammation, cancer, and targets of ginseng. Journal of Nutrition. 137:183S-185S https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.1.183S
- Inoue KI, Koike E, Yanagisawa R and Takano H. (2008). Effects of pulmonary exposure to diesel exhaust particles on extrathoracic CD4 polarization in ahmatic mice. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology. 28:1-6
- Kang KA, Kang JH and Yang MP. (2008). Ginseng total saponin enhances the phagocytic capacity of canine peripheral blood phagocytes in vitro. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 36:329-341 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X08005801
- Kang KS, Yokozawa T, Yamabe N, Kim HY and Park JH. (2007). ESR study on the structure and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity relationships of ginsenosides isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Biological Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 30:917-921 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.30.917
- Kim YM. (2006). Anti-allergic activity of oriental medicinal herbs. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 14:282-288
- Kumar RK, Webb DC, Herbert C and Foster PS. (2006). Interferon- gamma as a possible target in chronic asthma. Inflammation and Allergy - Drug Targets. 5(4), 253-256 https://doi.org/10.2174/187152806779010909
- Lim, BO, Park PJ, Park DK, Choi WS, Kim JD and Yu BP. (2007). The influence of long-term aloe supplement on antioxidative defenses and cholesterol content in brain and kidney of aged rats. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 15:352-356
- Lim HB. (2007). Modulation of cytochrome P-450 induction by long-term supplementation with Korean red ginseng to rats. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 15:437-443
- Lim HB, Ichinose T, Miyabara Y, Takano H, Kumagai Y, Shimojyo N and Sagai M. (1998). Involvement of superoxide and nitric oxide on airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness induced by diesel exhaust particles in mice. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 25:635-644 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00073-2
- Lim HB and Lee DW. (2002). Diesel exhaust particles and airway inflammation: effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment. 18:121-128
- Lim HB and Lee DW. (2006). The effect of Korean red ginseng water- extract on aging-related changes in the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme system in the liver of rats. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 14:329-335
- Lim HB, Lee DW and Lee JS. (2009a). Influence of long-term supplementation with Korean red ginseng on in vivo antioxidant capacities in rats. Food Science and Biotechnology. 18:234-238
- Lim S, Yoon JW, Choi SH, Cho BJ, Kim JT, Chang HS, Park HS, Park KS, Lee HK, Kim YB and Jang HC. (2009b). Effect of ginsam, a vinegar extract from Panax ginseng, on body weight and glucose homeostasis in an obese insulinresistant rat model. Metabolism. 58:8-15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2008.07.027
- Liu J, Ballaney M, Alalem U, Quan C, Jin X, Perera F, Chen LC and Miller RL. (2008). Combined inhaled diesel exhaust particles and allergen exposure alter methylation of T healper genes and IgE production in vivo. Toxicological Science. 102:76-81 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfm290
- Li YJ, Takizawa H, Azuma A, Kohyama T, Yamauchi Y, Takahashi S, Yamamoto M, Kawada T, Kudoh S and Sugawara I. (2008). Disruption of Nrf2 enhances susceptibility to airway inflammatory responses induced by low-dose diesel exhaust particles in mice. Clinical Immunology. 128:366-373 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2008.05.005
- Nakajima H and Takatsu K. (2007). Role of cytokines in allergic airway inflammation. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 142:265-273 https://doi.org/10.1159/000097357
- Pawankar R, Lee KH, Nonaka N and Takizawa R. (2007). Role of mast cells and basophils in chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinical Allergy and Immunology. 20:93-101
- Ris C. (2007). US EPA health assessment for diesel engine exhaust : a review. Inhalation Toxicology. 19:229-39 https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370701497960
- Sagai M, Saito H, Ichinose T, Kodama M and Mori Y. (1993). Biological effects of diesel exhaust particles. I. In vitro production od superoxide and in vivo toxicity in mouse. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 14:37-47 https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(93)90507-Q
- Sagai M, Furuyama A and Ichinose T. (1996). Biological effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP). III. Pathogenesis of asthmalike symptoms in mice. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 21:199-209 https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00032-9
- Seo JJ, Lee JW, Lee WK, Hong JT, Lee MK and Oh KW. (2008). Inhibitory effects of ginseng total saponin on upregulation of cAMP pathway induced by repeated administration of morphine. Archives of Pharmacological Research. 31:167-170 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-001-1136-z
- Shen HH, Wang K, Li W, Ying YH, Gao GX, Li XB and Huang HQ. (2008). Astragalus Membranaceus prevents airway hyperreactivity in mice related to Th2 response inhibition. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 116:363-369 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.12.002
- Shigh BB, Khorsan R, Vinjamury SP, Der-Martirosian C, Kizhakkeveettil A and Anderson TM. (2007). Herbal treatments of asthma : a systematic review. Journal of Asthma. 44:685-698 https://doi.org/10.1080/02770900701247202
- Takano H, Lim HB, Miyabara Y, Ichinose T, Yoshikawa T and Sagai M. (1999). Modulation of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in airway inflammation induced by diesel exhaust particles in mice. Toxicology. 139:19-26 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(99)00104-3
- Takizawa H. (2003). Role of inflammatory cells in the development of airway inflammation. Nippon Rinsho Journal. 61:2107-2112
- Theoharides TC and Kalogeromitros D. (2006). The critical role of mast cells in allergy and inflammation. Annals of New York Academy of Science. 1088:78-99 https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1366.025
- Vig, RS, Forsythe P and Vliagoftis H. (2006). The role of stress in asthma : insite from studies on the effect of acute and chronic stressors in models of airway inflammation. Annals of New York Academy of Science. 1088:65-77 https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1366.023
- Wichmann HE. (2007). Diesel exhaust particles. Inhalation Toxicology. 19:241-244 https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370701498075
- Yang EJ, Lee JS, Yun CY, Kim JH, Kim JS, Kim DH and Kim IS. (2008). Inhibitory effects of Duchesnea chrysantha extract on ovalbumin-induced lung inflammation in a mouses model of asthma. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 118:102-107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.03.012