Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B (대한기계학회논문집B)

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Correlation Between the Composition of Compliant Coating Material and Drag Reduction Efficiency

유연벽면 점탄성 소재 배합비와 저항저감 효과의 상관관계

  • 이인원 (부산대학교 첨단조선공학연구센터) ;
  • 안남현 (거제대학 조선선박기술계열)
  • Published : 2009.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A specially designed flat plate was mounted vertically over the axial line in the wind tunnel of the Pusan National University. Strain balances were mounted in the trailing part of the plate to measure the skin friction drag over removable insertions of $0.55{\times}0.25m^2$ size. A set of the insertions was designed and manufactured: 3 mm thick polished metal surface and three compliant surfaces. The compliant surfaces were manufactured of a silicone rubber Silastic$^{(R)}$ S2 (Dow Corning company). To modify the viscoelastic properties of the rubber, its composition was varied: 90% rubber + 10% catalyst (standard), 92.5% + 7.5% (weak), 85% + 15% (strong). Modulus of elasticity and the loss factor were measured accurately for these materials in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 3 kHz. The aging of the materials (variation of their properties) for the period of one year was documented as well. Along with the drag measurement using the strain balance, velocity and pressure were measured for different coating. The strong compliant coating achieved 5% drag reduction within a velocity range $20{\sim}40$ m/s while standard and weak coatings increased drag reduction.

Keywords

References

  1. Kramer, M. O., 1962, 'Boundary Layer Stabilization by Distributed Damping,' Naval Engrs.J., Vol. 74, No. 2, pp.341-348 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1962.tb05568.x
  2. Bushnell, D. M., Hefner, J. N. and Ash, R. L., 1977, 'Effect of Compliant Wall Motion on Turbulent Boundary Layers,' Phys. Fluids, Vol.20, pp.S31S48 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.861756
  3. Gad-el-Hak, M., 1996, 'Compliant Coatings: a Decade of Progress, Appl. Mech. Rev., Vol.49, pp.S147-S157 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3101966
  4. Gad-el-Hak, M., Blackwelder, R. F. and Riley, J. J., 1984, 'On the Interaction of Compliant Coatings with Boundary Layer Flows,' J. Fluid Mech., Vol.140, pp.257-280 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112084000598
  5. Carpenter, P. W., 1990, 'Status of Transition Delay Using Compliant Walls,' in Viscous Drag Reduction in Boundary Layers, eds. D.M. Bushnell and J. N. Heffner, Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol.123, pp.79-113
  6. Kulik, V. M., Poguda, I. S. and Semenov, B. N., 1991, 'Experimental Investigation of One-Layer Viscoelastic Coating Action on Turbulent Friction and Wall Pressure Fluctuations,' In Recent Developments in Turbulence Management, ed. K.-S. Choi, Kluwer, pp.263-289
  7. Choi, K.-S., Yang, X., Clayton, B. R., Glover, E. J., Atlar, M., Semenov, B. N. and Kulik, V. M., 1997, 'Turbulent Drag Reduction Using Compliant Surfaces,' Proc. Royal Soc. London A, Vol. 453, pp.2229-2240 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1997.0119
  8. Bandyopadhyay, P. R., Henoch, C., Hrubes, J. D., Semenov, B. N., Amirov, A. I., Kulik, V. M., Malyuga, A. G., Choi, K-S. and Escudier, M. P., 2005, 'Experiments on the Effects of Ageing on Compliant Coating Drag Reduction,' Physics of Fluids, Vol. 17, No. 8, pp. 0851041-9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2008997
  9. Kornilov, V. I., Pavlyuchenko, A. M. and Sobolev, A.V., 2004, 'Effect of a Viscoelastic Coating on Friction Drag of a Flat Plate in Air Flow,' Thermophysics and Aeromechanics, Vol.11, No. 3, pp.405-415
  10. Boiko, A. V., Kulik, V. M., Seoudi, B. M., Chun, H. H. and Lee, I., 2008 'Complex Method of Measurement of Viscoelastic Properties of Materials in Wide Frequency Range,' International Journal of Solids & Structures, submitted
  11. Kulik, V. M., Lee, I. and Chun, H. H., 2008, 'Wave Properties of Coating for Skin Friction Reduction,' Phys. Fluids, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp.075109-1-075109-10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2952598
  12. Lakes, R. S. and Wineman, A., 2006, 'On Poisson's Ratio in Linearity Viscoelastic Solids,' J. Elasticity, Vol. 85, pp.45-63 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10659-006-9070-4
  13. Duncan, J. H., Waxman, A. M. and Tulin, M. P., 1985, 'The Dynamics of Waves at the Interface Between a Viscoelastic Coating and a Fluid Flow,' J. Fluid Mech., Vol.158, pp.177-197 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112085002609
  14. Kulik, V. M., Rodyakin, S. V., Suh, S-B., Lee, I. and Chun, H. H., 2005, 'The Response of Compliant Coating to Nonstationary Disturbances,' Phys. Fluids, Vol.17, pp.088104-1-088104-4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2011467
  15. Kulik, V. M., Rodyakin, S. V., Lee, I. and Chun, H. H., 2005, 'Deformation of a Viscoelastic Coating Under the Action of Convective Pressure Fluctuations,' Exp. in Fluids, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 648-655 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0947-y
  16. Semenov, B. N., 1991, 'On Conditions of Modeling and Choice of Viscoelastic Coatings for Drag Reduction,' In Recent Developments in Turbulence Management, edited by K.-S. Choi, Kluwer, pp.241-261
  17. Sternberg, J., 1962, 'A Theory for Viscous Sublayer of a Turbulent Flow,' J. Fluid Mech., Vol.13, pp.241-271 https://doi.org/10.1017/S002211206200066X
  18. Semenov, B. N., 1996, 'Analysis of Four Types of Viscoelastic Coating for Turbulent Drag Reduction,' Emerging Techniques in Drag Reduction, MEP, London, Edmunds, pp.187-206
  19. Schlihting, H., 1968, Boundary Layer Theory, 6th ed. McGraw-Hill. Book Co, New York
  20. Amphilokhiev, V. B., Artyushkov, L. S., Barbanel, B. A., Korotkin, A. I., Mazaev, K. M., Maltsev, L. I. and Semenov, B. N., 2000, 'Modern State of the Theory of Boundary Layer Control,' Saint-Petersburg: SUE 'SPMDB 'Malachite.'