Major character analysis of CAX 1 (cation exchanger 1) transgenic rice plants in In Vivo

CAX 1 형질전환체 벼의 In Vivo에서 주요특성 분석

  • Kim, Kyung-Min (School of Applied Ecological Resources, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김경민 (경북대학교 생태자원응용학부)
  • Published : 2009.12.31

Abstract

This study was carried out to develop transgenic rice cultivars with the CAX1 (accession no. U57411) gene. We successfully selected the transgenic rice plants over-expressing the Arabidopsis H+/$Ca^{2+}$ antiporter CAX1 (accession no. U57411) gene in T6 generation. The brown rice of the CAX1 expressing rice contained 13.4~68.0 % more calcium $(Ca^{2+})$ than that of the wild type and 5 lines were selected based on the phenotypes compared to the control cultivar at the GMO field. The CAX1 expressing transgenic rice plants were similar in phenotype to the wild type during the whole growth period. Also these selected 4 lines appeared to be resistant to blast, cold and water solution compared with the wild type. Difference in 1,000 grain weight of brown rice was observed among each line but grain shape did not show any morphological alternations. These results suggest the enhanced Ca-substrate specificity of CAX1 exchanger in donor plant. Therefore, intact CAX1 exchanger can be functionally useful for $Ca^{2+}$ nutrient enrichment of rice with reduced accumulation of undesirable cation.

CAX1 유전자가 도입된 형질전환 벼는 T3 세대까지 34계통을 모식물인 일품벼와 공시하였고, 그 외 종자 내 칼슘함량 조사를 비롯한 5가지 실험에서 이전에 실시한 Southern 분석 결과 CAX1 prove의 band 양상이 뚜렷이 나타난 7계 통(T-14, T-15, T-17, T-18, T-19, T-20, T-24)을 $T_4{\sim}T_6$ 계통에서 공시하였다. 앞으로 $T_7$ 세대에 대한 특성조사를 거쳐 $Ca^{2+}$함량이 안정적으로 높게 유지되는 계통을 선발하여 세대육성하면 칼슘과 관련된 유전자의 내재해성 작물의 기초자료 이용뿐만 아니라 농산물의 품질 고급화 및 안정성 향상 그리고 병충해에 의한 농작물 피해를 줄일 수 있는 효과를 가져 오고자 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. $T_4$ 세대에서 형질이 안정적으로 발현되면서 모품종과 유사하고 농업적 형질이 우수한 5 계통을 선발하여 $T_6$세대까지 농업적인 생육 안정성(수장, 수수, 간장)은 15, 17, 18, 24 계통들은 출수기가 모품종인 일품벼와 비슷한 경향이었고 14, 19, 20계통들은 일품벼보다 6~11일까지 늦어지는 경향이었다. 형질전환체 7 계통의 간장을 조사한 결과 14 계통을 제외하고는 대부분 모품종인 일품벼와 유사하게 나타났다. CAX1 형질전환체인 $T_5{\sim}T_6$세대에서 병저항성은 일품 모품종보다 벼도열병(blast)과 벼잎집무늬마름병(sheath blight)의 방제가가 낮게 나왔으며, 벼도열병은 2 년간 모두 모품종에 대비해 T-14, 17, 18, 19, 20은 방제가가 높게 나타나 병저항성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 벼잎집무늬마름병은 T-14, 19, 20, 24 계통이 방제가가 높게 나타났으며, 벼도열병과 벼잎집무늬마름병 모두 방제가가 높은 계통은 T-14, 19, 20 으로 조사되었다. 저온처리 된 벼의 초장 조사에서 각각 온실과 $17^{\circ}C$의 두 조건에 있어서 온실에서의 초장 조사와 생존 개체수를 대비해 볼 때 일품벼와 형질전환체 모두 정상적인 발육상태를 보였으나, 저온조건에서 초장 조사는 일품벼에 비해 $T_6$-19을 제외한 형질전환 계통들이 양호하였으며 $T_6$-18, 24 계통은 내한성 품종인 상주벼와 유사하거나 조금 차이가 났다. 종자내의 캄슘함량을 분석하기 위하여 $T_3{\sim}T_7$ 종자를 이용하여 얻어진 결과는 $T_3$ 종자에서 452.2~1,376.2%로 칼슘함량이 증가되었고 분자 marker에 의해 선발하여 된 T7종자까지 분석한바 13.4~68.0%로 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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