Korean Journal of Ichthyology (한국어류학회지)

The Ichthyological Society of Korea (한국어류학회)
권호 표지

Upstream Behavior of Glass Eels (Anguilla japonica) in an Experimental Eel-ladder

실험 어도에서 실뱀장어의 소상 행동

  • Hwang, Sun-Do (West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Lee, Tae Won (Department of Oceanography, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Hak-Bin (Department of Oceanography, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Il-Su (Department of Applied Mathematics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Sun Jae (Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
  • 황선도 (국립수산과학원 서해수산연구소) ;
  • 이태원 (충남대학교 해양학과) ;
  • 황학빈 (충남대학교 해양학과) ;
  • 최일수 (전남대학교 응용수학과) ;
  • 황선재 (국립수산과학원 자원연구과)
  • Received : 2009.11.16
  • Accepted : 2009.12.23
  • Published : 2009.12.31
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Abstract

Upstream behavior of glass eels was examined in an experimental eel-ladder at a laboratory of the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute from March to May in 2008. The study was made under various environmental factors and conditions affecting the upstream migration of glass eels in order to design a functional ladder that would allow the passage of glass eels. The experimental eel-ladder consisted of an upper freshwater chamber and a lower sea water chamber; glass eels in sea water can move up to the upper freshwater chamber through the slope (eel-ladder) between them. The optimal condition of the eel-ladder was estimated by comparing the number of glass eels that moved upstream depending on various conditions. Since the glass eels actively moved up the slope to river water rather than to reservoir water or tap water, the experiment was realized using river water. A significantly higher number of glass eels moved up during the spring tide than during the neap tide, and during night than during the day. Upstream movement was significantly higher during high tide than during low tide. Glass eels effectively moved up through a slope of less than $30^{\circ}$ and water-flow velocity lower than 0.4 m/sec. The fish preferred a coarser ladder bed covered with small gravels, brush or carpet.

실뱀장어용 생태 어도를 설계하기 위하여 2008년 실뱀장어 소상 시기인 3~5월에 국립수산과학원 어군행동실험실에 실뱀장어가 소상하는 하구 및 하구둑과 어도를 재현하는 모형 어도를 제작하여 다양한 소상 환경과 어도 조건에서 실뱀장어의 소상행동을 관찰 분석하였다. 아래 해수조에 순치한 실뱀장어를 두고 위 담수조의 담수를 아래로 흐르게 하면서 해수조에서 어도를 통해 담수조로 소상한 실뱀장어의 개체수를 비교하고, 실뱀장어의 소상 행동을 관찰하여 최적 소상을 위한 적정 어도 조건을 추정하였다. 실뱀장어는 수돗물로는 소상하지 않았고, 저수지물보다 강물을 선호하였다. 실뱀장어 소상량은 소조기보다 대조기에 유의하게 많았고(p<0.05), 낮보다 밤에 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). 실뱀장어 소상량은 저조위보다 고조위에서 유의하게 많았다 (p<0.05). 실뱀장어는 어도 경사면 길이가 짧을수록 소상량이 많았고, 경사도는 $30^{\circ}$ 이하가 효율적이었다 (p<0.05). 유속은 0.4 m/sec 이하로 물이 약하게 흐를 때 소상량이 많았다(p<0.05). 어도의 바닥은 솔, 자갈 및 카펫 등과 같이 거친 재질에서 소상량이 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05).

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : 하구역에서의 뱀장어 생태와 어도 개선 방안-뱀장어 어도 설계를 위한 소상 행동 연구

Supported by : 한국해양수산기술진흥원

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