Physical and Mechanical Properties of Heat-treated Domestic Cedar

삼나무 열처리재의 물리 및 역학적 특성

  • Kim, Kwang-Mo (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Jung-Hwan (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Byoung-Soo (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Son, Dong-Won (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Joo-Saeng (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Wun-Sub (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Byoung-Nam (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Shim, Sang-Ro (Department of Forest Resources Utilization, Korea Forest Research Institute)
  • 김광모 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 박정환 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 박병수 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 손동원 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 박주생 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 김운섭 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 김병남 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부) ;
  • 심상로 (국립산림과학원 녹색자원이용부)
  • Received : 2009.03.02
  • Accepted : 2009.05.11
  • Published : 2009.07.25

Abstract

The material properties of Cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) were evaluated according to heat treatment conditions. The special focus was made on the color control of cedar wood by heat treatment. The difference of color between sapwood and heartwood could be reduced by heat treatment at a temperature above $170^{\circ}C$. Long heating time was more effective in reducing the difference. The Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) of heat-treated wood was as low as 50 percent. The result obviously indicates that heat-treated wood is more dimensionally stable in the change of moisture condition than the control. The heat-treated wood was also effective in increasing the durability against wood rotting fungi. However, more study is required to develop heat treatment as an environmentally-friendly technology for wood preservation without chemical. The mechanical properties of heat-treated wood showed relatively higher performance than the control in general. Meanwhile the dramatic decrease in impact bending stress due to the loss of ductility may limit uses of heat-treated wood in certain cases. There were no significant changes in microscopic structure which may cause changes in mechanical properties. Further study on the chemical analysis of heat-treated wood is needed to scrutinize the causes of changes of material properties.

본 연구에서는 삼나무 재색제어에 적합한 적정 열처리 조건을 구명하고, 열처리에 따른 다양한 재질변화를 평가하고자 하였다. 국산 삼나무에 대한 온도제어 열처리를 통하여, $170^{\circ}C$ 이상의 열처리 조건에서 심변재 사이의 재색차이가 줄어드는 경향을 확인하였으며, 이러한 경향은 처리시간이 증가함에 따라 더 크게 나타났다. 열처리재의 평형함수율이 무처리재에 비해 50% 정도 낮아 목재의 사용과정에서 나타나는 수분에 의한 성능저하 문제를 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 열처리가 부후균에 대한 내후성 증가에도 영향하는 것으로 확인됨에 따라 친환경 방부처리 기술로써 열처리의 적용에 대한 본격적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 열처리재의 역학성능은 무처리재에 비해 대체로 증가하는 것으로 나타났으나, 연성이 감소함으로 인하여 충격휨흡수에너지는 크게 감소하는 결과를 보여 열처리재의 용도를 결정하는데 있어서 이러한 물성 변화가 고려되어야 할 것이다. 열처리에 의한 물성변화의 원인을 규명하기 위하여 미세구조의 변화를 관찰하였으나 특별한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 화학성분의 변화를 분석함으로써 물성변화의 원인을 규명하는 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 여겨진다.

Keywords

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