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Weaning food practice in children with iron deficiency anemia

철결핍빈혈 영유아의 식이력 조사 및 이유지식의 평가

  • Chang, Joo Hee (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Cheong, Woo Sik (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Jun, Yong Hoon (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Soon Ki (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Hung Sik (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Keimyong Univeristy) ;
  • Park, Sang Kyu (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Ulsan University) ;
  • Ryu, Kyung Ha (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Ewha University) ;
  • Yoo, Eun Sun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Ewha University) ;
  • Lyu, Chuhl Joo (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Kun soo (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Kyungpook University) ;
  • Lee, Kwang Chul (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Korea University) ;
  • Lim, Jae Young (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Gyeongsang University) ;
  • Choi, Du Young (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Wonkwang University) ;
  • Choe, Byung Kyu (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Keimyong Univeristy) ;
  • Choi, Eun Jin (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Choi, Bong Soon (Department of Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University)
  • 장주희 (인하대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 정우식 (인하대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 전용훈 (인하대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김순기 (인하대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김흥식 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 박상규 (울산대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 유경하 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 유은선 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 유철주 (연세대학교 원주의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이건수 (경북대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이광철 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 임재영 (경상대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 최두영 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 최병규 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 최은진 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 최봉순 (대구가톨릭대학교 영양학과)
  • Received : 2008.07.29
  • Accepted : 2008.09.05
  • Published : 2009.02.15

Abstract

Purpose : Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies in children on a weaning diet. We investigated weaning practices in infants and children, as well as their mothers' knowledge about weaning. Methods : We investigated 129 children with IDA and 166 without IDA (aged 6-36 months) who had visited 10 university hospitals between March 2006 and July 2007. We investigated the hematologic values of both groups. A questionnaire on weaning was answered by the mothers of these children. Results : The hematologic values in the IDA group showed a significant difference from those in the comparison group (P<0.05). Children who were solely breastfed until 6 months of age were 85%, 34% (P<0.05), and weaning was started by 6.3, 6.4 months, respectively (P>0.05). Rice gruel, boiled rice, and fruit juice accounted for approximately 80% of the starting foods in both groups (P>0.05). Only 40% of the children in the IDA group had a balanced diet within a month, versus 38% in the comparison group. In response to questions about the necessity of iron-fortified foods for breast-fed infants, less than 50% of mothers in both groups answered correctly. In the IDA group, 42% showed serum ferritin less than 10 ng/mL, while 92% showed serum MCV less than 72 fL. Conclusion : In conclusion, collection of information on history should be thorough for feeding and selective examinations for IDA in high-risk groups. Considering the adaptation period, we suggest beginning children on a weaning diet at 45 months. In addition, we need to educate mothers on weaning practice, especially on the necessity of iron-fortified foods for breast-fed infants.

목 적 : IDA는 이유기 영유아에게서 흔한 영양장애이다. 본 연구는 이유기 영유아의 이유식 진행 상황 및 이유지식 등에 관해 알아보았다. 방 법 : 2006년 3월부터 2007년 7월까지 10개 대학병원에 내원한 6-36개월의 영유아 가운데, IDA로 진단된 129명 및 IDA가 없는 166명을 비교군으로 하여 분석하였다. 대상아의 부모에게서 이유식 진행 상황 및 이유지식을 묻는 문제가 포함된 설문지를 작성하도록 하였다. 결 과 : IDA군의 혈역학적 지표는 IDA가 없는 비교군과 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 생후 6개월까지 모유만 먹인 경우는 각각 85%, 34%로 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 이유식 시작시기는 각각 6.3개월, 6.4개월로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 처음으로 시작한 음식은 두 군 모두 미음, 죽, 과즙이 80% 이상을 차지하였고, 두 군 간에 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). IDA군에서 첫 1개월 내에 여러 가지 이유식을 골고루 잘 먹게 된 경우는 40 %였고, 비교군에서는 38%였다. 두 군 모두 모유 영양아에서 철분강화 음식의 필요성을 묻는 문제의 정답률이 가장 낮았다. IDA로 진단된 환아에서 ferritin이 10 ng/mL 미만인 경우는 42%였고, mean corpuscular volume (MCV)이 72 fL 미만인 경우는 92%이었다. 결 론 : IDA를 조기에 발견하고 예방하기 위해 이유기 영유아에 있어 철저한 식이력 조사와, 고위험군에 대한 선별 검사가 필요하다. 또 철분이 함유된 이유식을 골고루 섭취하기까지의 적응 기간을 고려하여, 4-5개월에 이유식을 시작하는 것이 보다 안전한 방법으로 생각된다. 마지막으로, 현재의 이유식 지도에 있어 모유 영양아에서 철분 강화 식이의 필요성에 대하여 보호자에게 인식시킬 필요가 있다.

Keywords

References

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