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Serum methotrexate level is inversely related to the outcome of osteosarcoma patients

혈중 methotrexate 농도와 골육종 환자들의 치료결과의 연관성

  • Lee, Jun Ah (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Min Suk (Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Jin Kyung (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Dong Ho (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Hong, Young Joon (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Song, Won Seok (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Cho, Wan Hyeong (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Soo-Yong (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lim, Jung Sub (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Park, Kyung Duk (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Jeon, Dae-Geun (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital)
  • Received : 2008.10.16
  • Accepted : 2008.12.05
  • Published : 2009.05.15

Abstract

Purpose : To evaluate the correlation between serum methotrexate (MTX) peak levels and clinical outcome of osteosarcoma, as well as to determine the correlation of these levels with the histologic response and event-free survival (EFS). Methods : To maintain the homogeneity of the study population, we selected 52 patients with localized extremity osteosarcoma who had received two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of high-dose (HD) MTX ($12g/m^2$), cisplatin ($100mg/m^2$), and doxorubicin ($60mg/m^2$). Results : Totally, 204 courses of HD MTX were administered. The serial MTX levels ($mean{\pm}SE$) at 4 h (peak), 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h were $1292.14{\pm}12.83{\mu}m$, $9.29{\pm}3.89{\mu}m$, $1.73{\pm}1.37{\mu}m$, and $0.58{\pm}0.44{\mu}m$, respectively. The peak MTX serum level was $1292.14{\pm}12.83{\mu}m$. Neither the continuous average MTX peak level nor the dichotomized MTX peak level was related to the histologic response. However, the patients with a high 24-h MTX level ($3.4{\mu}m$) had a poor histologic response (P=0.044). An inverse relationship was observed between MTX levels and survival: the EFS was better in the patients with a mean MTX peak level of less than $1,400{\mu}m$ (P=0.002) and mean 24-h MTX level of less than $3.4{\mu}m$ (P=0.011). Conclusion : The inverse correlation between the MTX level and the outcome is an unexpected finding. Further study on the pharmacokinetics of MTX is required to substantiate our findings and elucidate the mechanism involved.

목 적 : 골육종의 항암치료 시 MTX의 혈중농도와 예후의 관련 여부에 대해 논란이 있어왔다. 저자들은 MTX의 혈중농도와 골육종의 치료결과간에 상관관계가 있는지 분석하였다. 방 법 : 원자력병원에서 2003년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 골육종으로 치료를 받은 환자들 중 종양의 원발부위가 사지이고, 폐 전이가 없으며, 수술 전 고용량 MTX ($12g/m^{2}$), cisplatin ($100mg/m^{2}$), doxorubicin ($60mg/m^{2}$)의 병합항암치료를 2회 받은 52명의 환자들을 선택하여 MTX 혈중농도와 항암치료에 대한 종양조직의 괴사율, 생존율의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 52명의 환자들에게 고용량 MTX 항암치료를 총 204회 시행하였다. MTX의 4시간, 24시간, 48시간, 72시간째 혈중농도는 각각 1292.14, 9.29, 1.73, 0.58 µM 이었다. 최고혈중농도(4시간째 혈중농도)는 종양조직의 괴사율과 관계가 없었지만, 24시간째 MTX 혈중농도가 $3.4{\mu}M$ 이상인 환자들이 그렇지 않은 환자들보다 종양조직의 괴사율이 불량하였다 (90%이상의 조직괴사율을 보이는 환자들의 비율, 23.1% 대 50%). MTX 혈중농도는 무사건 생존율과 역 상관관계가 있었다. 최고혈중농도 ${\geq}1,400{\mu}M$ (61.5 % 대 92.1%), 24시간 혈중농도 $\geq$3.4 µM (72.9% 대 96.2%)인 환자들의 무사건 생존율이 낮았다. 결 론 : MTX의 혈중농도가 높은 환자들이 그렇지 않은 환자들보다 치료결과가 불량하였다. 향후 골육종 환자들에서 MTX 약물역동학에 대한 연구를 시행하여 본 연구결과의 기전을 밝혀야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

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