Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Changes in the outcomes of neonatal intensive care unit at a single center over 12 years

단일기관에서의 12년간 신생아 집중 치료실의 치료성적 변화

  • Lee, Hyun-Hee (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Yeon (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Shin, Seon-Hee (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Sung, Tae-Jung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
  • 이현희 (한림대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김태연 (한림대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 신선희 (한림대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 성태정 (한림대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2009.06.18
  • Accepted : 2009.08.05
  • Published : 2009.08.15
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Abstract

Purpose : The survival rate of very low birth weight infant (VLBWI) had increased as a result of advances in neonatal intensive care. We evaluated the changes in outcomes of VLBWI who admitted to the neonatal care unit of Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital. Methods : Retrospective review of 339 VLBWI who were born from 1st January 1997 to 31th December 2008 were performed. Outcomes including survival rate, birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), morbidities, and mortality between period I (1997- 2003) and period II (2004-2008) were compared. Results : Overall incidence of VLBWI was 2.3% and it was significantly higher in period II(3.3%). Mean BW and GA were significantly decreased in period II (P<0.001, P=0.01). The survival rate increased from period I (59.1%) to period II (74.2%). BW-specific survival rate increased in 1,000-1,249 gm and GA-specific survival rate significantly increased in 27-28 weeks and 29-30 weeks. The incidences of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, and necorotizing enterocolitis were same except patent ductus arteriosus. Conclusion : The survival rate of VLBWI was increased in period II, especially in less than 1,000 gm and below 27 weeks. This may be due to recent dramatic improvement of neonatal care. But more efforts are needed to improve outcome during initial phase and to reduce long term complication such as BPD and ROP.

목 적 : 최근 신생아 집중 치료의 발달로 인하여 출생체중 1,500 g 미만의 극소 저체중출생아(very low birth weight infants, VLBWI)의 생존율이 높아지고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 12년간 한림대학교 강남성심병원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 극소 저체중 출생아의 치료 결과의 변화를 조사하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 1월 1일부터 2008년 12월 31일까지 한림대학교 강남성심병원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 1,500 g 미만의 VLBWI 339명을 대상으로 하였고 I기(1997-2003년), II기(2004-2008년)로 나누어 각기별 출생체중과 재태연령의 변화, 생존율, 이환율, 사망원인 및 시기에 대해 병록지 검토를 통해 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과 : VLBWI 발생 빈도는 II기에 유의하게 증가하였으며 평균 출생체중 및 재태 연령도 I기에 비해 II기에 유의하게 감소하였으나 1분과 5분 아프가 점수는 II기에 더 높았고(P<0.05), 인공 호흡기 사용기간, 산소 총 투여 기간에는 두 기간사이의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 산모와의 관계를 보면 자궁경부 근무력증, 출생 전 스테로이드 사용, 조기 양막파수는 II기에 유의하게 증가하였다. 생존율에 있어서는 I기에 59.1%, II기에 74.2%로 유의한 증가를 보였으며(P<0.05), 출생체중 1,000 g 미만, 재태연령 28주 미만의 환아의 생존율 증가가 두드러졌다. 극소 저체중 출생아에서 흔히 동반되는 질환으로는 호흡곤란 증후군, 미숙아 망막증, 패혈증, 기관지폐 형성이상, 동맥관 개존증, grade III 이상의 뇌실 내 출혈 및 뇌백질 연화증, 괴사성 장염의 발생은 동맥관 개존증을 제외하고는 두 기간 간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 사망 원인으로는 호흡곤란 증후군이 가장 많았고 폐출혈, 패혈증이 그다음을 차지하였고, 사망 시기는 두 기간 모두 7일 이내 사망률이 가장 높았다. 결 론 : 최근 12년간 본원에서 출생한 VLBWI의 생존율은 현저히 향상되었으며 특히 1,000 g 미만 28주 미만 환아에서의 생존율 향상이 두드러졌다. 이는 여러 가지 신생아 집중치료술의 향상에 따른 것으로 생각된다. 하지만, 아직 초기 사망율이 높으므로 급성기 치료에 더욱 관심을 갖고 출생체중, 재태연령, 산소치료등과 밀접한 관계가 있는 합병증인 기관지폐 형성이상, 미숙아 망막증 등의 빈도를 줄이기 위해 노력해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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