Food Science and Biotechnology

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지

Changes in Ginsenoside Composition of White Ginseng by Fermentation

  • Ko, Sung-Kwon (Department of Oriental Medical Food and Nutrition, Semyung University) ;
  • Cho, Ok-Sun (Department of Oriental Medical Food and Nutrition, Semyung University) ;
  • Bae, Hye-Min (Department of Oriental Medical Food and Nutrition, Semyung University) ;
  • Yang, Byung-Wook (Korea Ginseng & Woods Grown Ginseng Institute, Chung Ang University) ;
  • Im, Byung-Ok (Korea Ginseng & Woods Grown Ginseng Institute, Chung Ang University) ;
  • Hahm, Young-Tae (Korea Ginseng & Woods Grown Ginseng Institute, Chung Ang University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Nam (HVLS Co., Ltd., Central Research Institute) ;
  • Cho, Soon-Hyun (HVLS Co., Ltd., Central Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Young (HVLS Co., Ltd., Central Research Institute) ;
  • Chung, Sung-Hyun (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Lee, Boo-Yong (Graduate School of Complementary & Alternative Medicine, Pochon CHA University)
  • Published : 2009.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to develop a new process to manufacture ginseng extract containing saponin aglycon of high concentration. The process to transform saponin glycosides to saponin aglycon was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). GCK-1 (open cultured mixture for 1 day at $42^{\circ}C$) had the highest content of protopanaxadiol (0.662%). However, other mixtures (GCK-2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) had less than 0.152% in the content of protopanaxadiol. In case of fermentation by inoculation of Bacillus natto, BNG-5 (B. natto inoculated mixture for 5 days at $42^{\circ}C$) showed the highest content of protopanaxadiol (0.364%). Other mixtures (BNG-1, 2, 3, 4, and 6) also showed the high content of more than 0.2% in protopanaxadiol. B. natto inoculation or open culture fermentation with soybean transformed ginseng saponin glycosides into saponin aglycon.

Keywords

References

  1. Namba T. The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures. Hoikusha, Osaka, Japan. p. 2 (1980)
  2. Park JD. Recent studies on the chemical constituents of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Korean J. Ginseng Sci. 20:389-415 (1996)
  3. Yokozawa T, Kobayashi T, Oura H, Kawashima Y. Studies on the mechanism of the hypoglycemic activity of ginsenoside-$Rb_2$ in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 33: 869-872 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.33.869
  4. Matsunaga H, Katano M, Yamamoto H, Mori M, Takata K. Studies on the panaxytriol of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer isolation, determination, and antitumor activity. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37: 1279-1281 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.37.1279
  5. Suh DY, Han YN, Han BH. Maltol, an antioxidant component of Korean red ginseng, show little prooxidant activity. Arch. Pharm. Res. 19: 112-115 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02976844
  6. Kim CM, Han GS. Radioprotective effects of ginseng proteins, Yakhak Hoeji 29: 246-252 (1985)
  7. Jie YH, Cammisuli S, Baggiolini M. Immunomodulatory effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in the mouse. Agents Actions 15: 386-391 (1984) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01972376
  8. Shibata S, Tanaka T, Ando T, Sado M, Tsushima S, Ohsawa T. Chemical studies on oriental plant drugs (XIV). Protopanaxadiol, a genuine sapogenin of ginseng saponins. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 14:595-600 (1966) https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.14.595
  9. Keum YS, Han SS, Chun KS, Park KK, Park JH, Lee SK, Surh YJ. Inhibitory effects of the ginsenoside $Rg_3$ on phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression, NF-kappaB activation and tumor promotion. Mutat. Res. 523: 75-85 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(02)00323-8
  10. Kim ND, Kang SY, Park JH, Schini-Kerth VB. Ginsenoside $Rg_3$ mediates endothelium-dependant relaxation in response to ginsenosides in rat aorta: Role of K+ channels. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 367: 41-49 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00898-X
  11. Keum YS, Park KK, Lee JM, Chun KS, Park JH, Lee SK, Kwon H, Surh YJ. Antioxidant and anti-tumor promoting activities of the methanol extract of heat-processed ginseng. Cancer Lett. 150: 41-48 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(99)00369-9
  12. Ko SK, Kim YS, Kim YY, Kim JK, Mok SK, Park JD, Shin CG, Im BO, Chung JH, Chung HB, Choi YE, Hahm YT. The Understand of Korean Ginseng. Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. p. 202 (2005)
  13. Ko SK, Lee KH, Hong JK, Kang SA, Sohn UD, Im BO, Han ST, Yang BW, Chung SH, Lee BY. The change of ginsenoside composition in ginseng extract by the vinegar process. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 14: 509-513 (2005)