Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
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The Toxic Effects of a Pesticide Carbaryl on the Development of African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis

살충제 카바릴이 아프리카발톱개구리의 발생에 미치는 독성영향

  • Shin, Sang-Hee (Department of Biology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Mi-Ju (Department of Biology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Yu-Hwa (Department of Biology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Cheong, Seon-Woo (Department of Biology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Yoon, Chun-Sik (Department of Biology, Changwon National University)
  • Published : 2009.11.30
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Abstract

We investigated the toxic effects of carbaryl on early embryo development in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. To test the toxic effects, frog embryo teratogenesis assays using Xenopus were performed. Embryos were exposed to various concentrations of carbaryl ($5{\sim}320\;{\mu}M$). $LC_{100}$ for carbaryl was $320\;{\mu}M$, and the $LC_{50}$ determined by probit analysis was the concentration of $235.68\;{\mu}M$. Exposure to $160\;{\mu}M$ of carbaryl resulted in 10 different types of severe external malformations. Histological examination revealed dysplasia of the eyes, heart, guts, somatic muscle, dorsal, liver, blood vessel and swelling of the pronephric ducts. Malformation of neural tissue and brain was not severe even in the high dose of carbaryl. Benzidine blood stain showed distinct inhibition of inducing erythrocytes in embryos and animal cap explants. Electron micrographs of embryo revealed retinal detachment, loose photoreceptor lamella and the degeneration of sarcomeres in the carbaryl-treated group. The mitochondrial degeneration was also observed in the test group.

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References

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