A Case of Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia due to Anti-HLA-B35

항-HLA-B35 항체에 의한 신생아 동종면역성 혈소판 감소증 1례

  • Choi, Jun-Seok (Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Soo-Yeon (Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Ihm, Chun-Hwa (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eulji University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Yeon (Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University, School of Medicine)
  • 최준석 (을지대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김수연 (을지대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 임춘화 (을지대학교 의과대학 진단검사의학교실) ;
  • 김승연 (을지대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Published : 2009.11.30

Abstract

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is induced by maternal antibodies to fetal platelet alloantigens. Because the main cause of NAIT is incompatibility to platelet specific antibodies, NAIT due to HLA antibodies are relatively rare. We managed a case of NAIT induced by maternal anti-HLA-B35 antibodies. The patient was a second born male. He had no petechiae or purpura at birth. He was admitted to the hospital due to fever for 5 days and a platelet count of $106\times10^9/L$. The fever subsided after admission but on the 2nd day of admission, petechiae developed on the chest wall and the platelet count decreased to $25\times10^9/L$. Other laboratory findings included C-reactive protein, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time were normal. His mother's platelet count was normal and she had no history of bleeding. Anti-HLA-B35, B52, B56, C3, and C14 were identified in the mother's serum by a panel reactive antibody test and HLA-B35 antigen was identified in the father's and patient's sera. These finding suggested that maternal Anti-HLA-B35 antibody was a response to neonatal HLA-B35 antigen inherited from the father. The patient received concentrated platelet and intravenous immunoglobulin. The platelet count rose to $248\times10^9/L$ and was maintained thereafter.

NAIT는 태아의 혈소판 동종 항체에 의해 산모가 감작되어 항체를 형성함으로써 발생되는 질환이다. 대부분의 NAIT는 혈소판 특이항체에 의해서 발생하며 HLA 항체에 의한 발병은 드물다. 저자들은 항 HLA-B35 항체에 의한 NAIT 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 환아는 둘째로 태어난 남자 아이로 출생 시 점상출혈이나 자반은 없었다. 출생 5일에 발생한 발열을 주소로 내원하여 시행한 혈액검사에서 혈소판 수치가 $106\times10^9/L$로 감소하였다. 발열은 입원 후 호전 되었으며 2병일 흉부에 점상출혈을 보였으며 혈소판이 $25\times10^9/L$까지 감소하였다. CRP 및 PT, PTT는 정상이었다. 산모의 혈소판 수치는 정상이었고 출혈의 과거력은 없었다. PRA test로 산모의 혈청에서 항-HLA B35, B52, B56, C3, C14 가 확인되었고 환아와 아버지의 혈청에서 HLA-B35 항원이 검출되었다. 산모의 항 HLA-B35 항체와 환아가 아버지로부터 물려받은 HLA-B35 항원이 반응하였음을 확인할 수 있었다. 환아는 농축 혈소판과 면역글로불린 투여 후 혈소판 수치가 $248\times10^9/L$로 상승하면서 이후 호전되었다.

Keywords

References

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