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Molting Patterns of Flight Feathers of Immature Steller's Sea Eagle(Haliaeetus pelagicus) Raised in Captivity

사육상태에서 자란 참수리(Haliaeetus pelagicus) 미성조 날개깃의 깃갈이 방식

  • Kang, Seung-Gu (Department of Biology, Graduate School, Kyungsung University) ;
  • Lee, In-Sup (Department of Biology, Kyungsung University)
  • 강승구 (경성대학교 대학원 생물학과) ;
  • 이인섭 (경성대학교 생물학과)
  • Published : 2009.01.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to know the molting sequence and the aging points of flight feathers of steller's sea eagles (Haliaeetus pelagicus). For this study, two captive immature steller's sea eagles raised at the Ornithology Laboratory attached to Kyungsung University were surveyed for five years from Nov. 2000 to Nov. 2005. The survey indicated that the first molting began in July of the second year, and the primaries of P1-3, the secondaries of S18-19 (female), S17-18 (male), and S1 and S4 were replaced by one-time with second generation feathers. Generally molting stopped during the winter period, but a few feathers continued to molt during the winter. The two secondaries of S18-19 (female) and S17-18 (male) always molted every year but some of the juvenile secondaries (male: S10, S11, etc) retained for 2 or 3 years. In the molting order of primaries, the first molting started at P1 and it proceeded to P10 of outside. In the secondaries, the first molting started at S17(male) and S19(female), and it proceeded to outside. After that molting it started at S1 and proceeded to inside. In the other secondaries, the pattern of molting which proceeded in the mid-part of the secondaries was usually beginning in several different points at the same time. The molting seemed as if it depends on both the conditions of the individuals and the environment, so it was very difficult to explain the molting pattern in the mid-part of the secondaries. The longer quills (P7, P8) required for more than 68 days to develop. In the comparison of the length in the remiges between the first and the second generation feathers, the first generation feathers were the larger than that of the second. And the reduction of the length between the second and the third generation feathers was a few. The reduction of the length between the third and the fourth generation feathers was slight. The juvenile primaries were dark brown with a whitish base, which could be observed until the second or the third generation feathers (in their third or fourth winter plumage).

본 연구는 사육환경 조건에서 참수리(Haliaeetus pelagicus)의 연령에 따른 날개깃의 변화 과정과 깃갈이 순서를 파악하기 위하여 수행되었으며, 이를 위해 2000년 11월부터 2005년 12월까지 약 5년간 경성대학교 조류연구소에서 참수리 유조를 사육하면서 조사한 자료를 토대로 하여 분석하였다. 최초의 날개깃 깃갈이는 생후 둘째 해 7월에 시작하였으며, 첫째날개깃 P1-3과 둘째날개깃 S18-19 (암컷), S17-18 (수컷), S1, S4 등 몇 개 정도만 교체되었다. 겨울 동안에는 깃갈이의 진행이 멈추었지만, 몇 개의 깃은 겨울에도 교체되었다. 둘째날개깃의 가장 안쪽 S18-19 (암컷), 17-18 (수컷) 등 2개의 깃은 해마다 깃갈이가 진행되었고 몇 개의 유조깃(수컷: S10, S11 등)은 2-3년 동안 교체되지 않았다. 깃갈이의 순서는 첫째날개깃의 경우 P1에서 시작하여 바깥쪽 P10의 방향으로 진행되었다. 둘째날개깃은 최초 S18(수컷), S19 (암컷)에서 시작해 바깥쪽으로 진행되었고, 이어서 S1에서 시작하여 안쪽으로 진행되는 방식이었다. 그 외에 둘째날개깃 중앙 부위에서 진행되는 깃갈이 방식은 보통 여러 곳에서 동시에 시작되었고, 이는 개체 또는 환경에 따라 차이가 있기 때문에 판단하기가 어려웠다. 날개깃의 생장기간은 가장 긴(P7, P8) 깃은 68일 이상이었다. 날개깃의 세대별 길이 차이는 유조깃과 2세대 깃 사이에 감소의 폭이 가장 컸고, 2세대와 3세대 깃 사이의 감소의 폭은 작았으며 3세대와 4세대 깃의 사이의 감소는 거의 나타나지 않았다. 유조의 첫째날개깃은 균일한 흑갈색이고 깃의 기부에는 흰색 반정이 있었으나 이것은 2세대 깃(수컷: 3차 겨울깃) 또는 3세대 깃(암컷: 4차 겨울깃)까지 나타나고 그 후에는 더 이상 나타나지 않았다.

Keywords

References

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