Antimicrobial Activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge Extract and Its Effects on Quality Characteristics in Sulgidduk

단삼 추출물의 향균 활성 및 첨가 설기떡의 품질 특성

  • Choi, Hae-Yeon (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University)
  • 최해연 (숙명여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2009.09.30

Abstract

In this study, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(Danshen) powder was extracted with ethanol, and its antimicrobial activity was investigated. The ethanol extract of the Danshen had antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition zones of the Danshen extract(3 mg/disc) against B. subtilis, E. coli and S. aureus were 13, 12 and 8.5 mm, respectively. To test the food preservation effect of Danshen and determine the optimal ratio of the Danshen extract in a formulation, Sulgidduk samples were prepared with substitutions of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% Danshen extract, and then their quality characteristics were investigated over 4 days of storage. According to the results, total cell counts showed a decreasing trend with an increasing amount of added Danshen extract. Moisture contents were not significantly different among the Sulgidduk samples. As the content of Danshen extract increased, the L-values of samples decreased and the a- and b- values increased. For the textural characteristics, the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of the Sulgidduk samples decreased as the amount of Danshen extract increased; however, they increased with the progression of storage time. In the sensory evaluation, the control group had significantly higher scores for color, flavor and after-taste as compared to the Danshen extract-added groups. With increasing Danshen extract contents, flavor and overall acceptability decreased, while Danshen flavor, bitterness and off-flavor increased. Chewiness was not significantly different among the samples. In conclusion, the results indicate that substituting 0.5% Danshen extract in Sulgidduk is optimal for quality and provides a product with reasonably high overall acceptability.

본 연구에서는 단삼의 항균 활성을 알아보기 위하여 paper disc법에 의한 항균 활성을 검색하였고, 실제 식품에의 이용가능성을 살펴보기 위하여, 단삼의 에탄올 추출물을 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1% 농도가 되게 첨가한 설기떡을 제조하여 0, 1, 2, 3, 4일 동안 $20^{\circ}C$의 항온기에 저장하면서로 수분 함량, 색도, 조직감, 총균수, 관능검사를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 단삼을 건조시켜 분쇄한 후 95% ethanol로 추출, 농축한 것을 ethanol에 10% 농도로 희석하여 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000 ${\mu}g$/disc 농도씩 되게 첨가하여 식품 부패 미생물의 증식 억제 효과를 검색한 결과 E. coli와 B. subtilis에 대한 항균 활성은 disc에 점적한 농도가 증가할수록 항균 활성을 나타내는 inhibition zone의 크기가 증가하여 1,000 ${\mu}g$/disc 농도에서 각각 9, 11 mm의 항균력을 나타내었고, S. aureus는 3,000 ${\mu}g$/disc 농도에서 8.5 mm의 항균력을 나타내었다. 수분 함량은 대조군과 단삼 추출물 첨가군들 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었고, 명도 (L값)는 단삼 추출물의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). a값(적색도)과 b값(황색도)는 단삼 추출물의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 조직감에서 견고성과 점착성, 씹힘성은 단삼 추출물 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 나타냈고, 저장기간에 따라서는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 부착성과 탄력성, 응집성은 첨가량에 따라 유의적인 차이가 나지 않았지만 저장기간별로 살펴봤을 때 저장기간이 길어질수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 소비자 기호도 검사결과, 단삼 추출물의 첨가량이 증가할수록 기호도가 감소하였고, 특성 강도 검사결과에서는 단삼분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 특성 강도 점수도 증가하였다. 이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 항균 활성이 있는 단삼 추출물을 설기떡 제조시 멥쌀가루에 0.5% 첨가한 군이 수분, 색, 기계적 texture에서 대조군과 단삼 추출물 첨가군들 간에 유의적 차이가 나지 않았고, 총균수에서는 저장 1일까지 초기 균수를 유지하였으며, 저장 4일까지도 미생물의 증식이 105 CFU/g 수준 이하로 유지되어 우수한 보존 효과를 나타내었으며, 품질 평가에 중요한 요인인 기호도 검사에서 좋은 점수를 얻었으므로, 0.5% 단삼 추출물 첨가가 설기떡에 대한 보존 효과와 품질 특성에 좋은 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것이라 사료되며, 천연 대체 보존제로서의 가능성이 있다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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