Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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The Behavior of Dissolved and Particulate Phases of Trace Elements within the Watershed of Juam Reservoir

주암호 집수유역 내 용존 및 입자상 미량원소의 거동 특성

  • Lee, Pyeong-Koo (Geological and Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Chi, Se-Jung (Geology & Geoinformation Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Youm, Seung-Jun (Geological and Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 이평구 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부) ;
  • 지세정 (한국지질자원연구원 지질기반정보연구부) ;
  • 염승준 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부)
  • Published : 2008.08.28
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Abstract

In order to investigate the amounts of trace elements flowing into reservoir, and to elucidate the relationship between trace element mobility and fraction size, the stream water and sediment samples were collected from thirty-two sites of the 3rd or 4th order stream within watershed surrounding the Juam reservoir. Chemical analyses of trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) for all samples were completed, and additionally cationi and anion for stream water samples. Considering the distribution of rocks and contamination sources in watershed, the eight stream sediments were selected from typical sites representing study areas, and we determined the concentrations of trace elements according to size fractions ($2\;mm{\sim}200\;{\mu}m$, $200{\sim}100\;{\mu}m$, $100{\sim}50\;{\mu}m$, $50{\sim}20\;{\mu}m$ and < $20\;{\mu}m$). The correlation relationships between concentrations and size fractions of stream sediments were important to identify the hydro-geochemical behavior of trace elements that flow into Juam reservoir. Stream waters showed four water types (Ca-Mg-$HCO_3$, Ca-Na-$HCO_3$-Cl, Ca-Na-$HCO_3-SO_4$, Ca-Na-$HCO_3$) depending on pollution sources such as coal mine, metal mine, farm-land and dwellings. Concentrations of trace elements increased clearly with the decrease in size fractions of stream sediments. Concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn increased dramatically in silt size (< $20\;{\mu}m$) fraction, while As had high concentrations in sand size ($2\;mm{\sim}100\;{\mu}m$) fraction in downstream sediments of metal mines. These indicate that Cu, Zn, and Pb moved into Juam reservoir easily in the adsorbed form on silt size grain in sediments, and As was transported as As-bearing mineral facies, resulting in its less chance to reach into Juam reservoir.

하천수와 하천퇴적물에 의한 주암호 내 미량원소의 유입량 및 하천퇴적물 입도에 따른 미량원소의 지구화학적 거동을 규명하기 위하여 주암호 주변의 3 4차 수계 32 지점에서 채취한 하천퇴적물과 하천수의 미량원소(비소, 카드뮴, 크롬, 구리, 니켈, 납, 아연)를 분석하였고, 하천수의 경우에는 주요 양이온 및 음이온을 함께 분석하였다. 또한 집수 유역 내 모암 및 오염원 분포를 고려하여, 대표적인 8개 지점의 하천퇴적물을 선택하고, 입도($2\;mm{\sim}200\;{\mu}m$, $200{\sim}100\;{\mu}m$, $100{\sim}50\;{\mu}m$, $50{\sim}20\;{\mu}m$, < $20\;{\mu}m$) 별로 미량원소 함량을 구하였다. 주암호 집수유역 하천수는 오염원(탄광, 금속광, 농경지, 주거) 별로 4개 유형의 수질유형(Ca-Mg-$HCO_3$, Ca-Na-$HCO_3$-Cl, Ca-Na-$HCO_3-SO_4$, Ca-Na-$HCO_3$)의 특성을 반영하고 있다. 하천퇴적물의 입도와 미량원소 농도와의 상관성은 주암호으로 유입되는 미량원소의 지화학적 거동을 규명하는데 중요하다. 하상퇴적물의 입도가 작아질수록 미량원소 함량이 증가되는 뚜렷한 경향을 나타내고 있다. 폐금속광산 하류 하천퇴적물의 구리, 아연 및 납은 실트 입도(< $20\;{\mu}m$)에서 급격하게 증가되는 경향을 보이는 반면, 비소의 경우는 모래 입도($2\;mm{\sim}100\;{\mu}m$)에서 높은 함량을 나타내고 있다. 이는 퇴적물내의 구리, 아연, 납, 등 미량원소들은 실트 크기의 입자에 흡착된 상태고 주암호로 쉽게 이동됨을 지시해주고 있는 반면, 비소는 함 비소 광물상으로 이동되어 주암호로 유입될 가능성이 미약한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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