Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

The Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine (대한핵의학회)
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Assessment of Hyperperfusion by Brain Perfusion SPECT in Transient Neurological Deterioration after Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis Surgery

천측두동맥-중대뇌동맥 문합술 후 발생한 일과성 신경학적 악화에서 뇌관류 SPECT를 이용한 과관류 평가

  • Lee, Jeong-Won (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yu-Kyeong (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Mi (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Eo, Jae-Sun (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Oh, Chang-Wan (Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Won-Woo (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Paeng, Jin-Chul (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Eun (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 이정원 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실) ;
  • 김유경 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실) ;
  • 이상미 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실) ;
  • 어재선 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실) ;
  • 오창완 (서울대학교 의과대학 신경외과학교실) ;
  • 이원우 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실) ;
  • 팽진철 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실) ;
  • 김상은 (서울대학교 의과대학 핵의학교실)
  • Published : 2008.08.31
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Abstract

Purpose: Transient neurological deterioration (TND) is one of the complications after extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery, and it has been assumed to be caused by postoperative transient hyperperfusion. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between TND and preoperative and postoperative cerebral perfusion status on brain perfusion SPECT following superficial temporal artery - middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 STA-MCA anastomosis surgeries of 56 patients (mean age: $50{\pm}16$ yrs; M:F=29:27; atherosclerotic disease: 33, moyamoya disease: 27) which were done between September 2003 and July 2006 were enrolled. The resting cerebral perfusion and cerebral vascular reserve (CVR) after acetazolamide challenge were measured before and 10 days after surgery using 99mTc-ethylcysteinate dimer (ECD) SPECT. Moreover, the cerebral perfusion was measured on the third postoperative day. With the use of the statistical parametric mapping and probabilistic brain atlas, the counts for the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory were calculated for each image, and statistical analyses were performed. Results: In 6 of 60 cases (10%), TND occurred after surgery. In all patients, the preoperative cerebral perfusion of affected MCA territory was significantly lower than that of contralateral side (p=0.002). The cerebral perfusion on the third and tenth day after surgery was significantly higher than preoperative cerebral perfusion (p=0.001, p=0.02). In TND patients, basal cerebral perfusion and CVR on preoperative SPECT were significantly lower than those of non-TND patients (p=0.01, p=0.05). Further, the increases in cerebral perfusion on the third day after surgery were significant higher than those in other patients (p=0.008). In patients with TND, the cerebral perfusion ratio of affected side to contralateral side on third postoperative day was significantly higher than that of other patients (p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference of the cerebral perfusion ratio on preoperative and tenth postoperative day between patients with TND and other patients. Conclusion: In patients with TND, relative and moderate hyperperfusion was observed in affected side after bypass surgery. These finding may help to understand the pathophysiology of TND.

목적: 일과성 신경학적 악화(transient neurological deterioration, TND)는 재관류술 이후에 발생할 수 있는 합병증 중 하나이며, 수술 직후 발생하는 일과성 과관류로 발생하는 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 TND 발생에 따른 수술 전후 뇌관류의 변화 양상에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 9월부터 2006년 7월까지 시행된 60건의 천측두동맥-중대뇌동맥 문합술을 받은 환자 56명(남:여=29:27, 평균연령: $50{\pm}16$세, 죽상경화성혈관 질환: 33건, 모야모야병 27건)을 대상으로 하였다. 수술전과 술후 10일에 $^{99m}Tc$-ECD 기저/아세타졸아미드 부하 뇌관류 SPECT를 시행하여 기저 뇌관류와 뇌혈류예비능을 측정하였다. 그리고, 술후 3일과 10일에 뇌관류 SPECT를 시행하여 기저 뇌관류를 측정하였다. 각 뇌관류 SPECT에서 나온 결과를 SPM을 이용하여 통계적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 60건의 STA-MCA 우회술 중 6건(10%)에서 술후 TND가 발생하였다. 전체 환자에서 수술 전 병측 부위 중간대뇌동맥영역의 뇌관류가 반대측에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며(p=0.002), 술후 3일과 10일의 기저뇌관류는 수술 전보다 유의하게 증가하였다(p=0.001, p=0.02). TND가 발생환 환자가 나머지 환자에 비해 수술 전기저뇌관류와 뇌혈류예비능이 유의미하게 낮았으며(p=0.01, p=0.05), 기저뇌관류의 증가율도 술후 3일에 유의미하게 높았다(p=0.008). 그러나, 술후 3일과 10일에 TND 환자와 나머지 환자간에 뇌관류의 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=n.s.). 반대측 부위를 기준으로 하여 병측 부위의 뇌관류량의 비율을 구한 상대적 관류량은 TND 환자가 나머지 환자에 비해 술후 3일에 유의하게 높았으나(p=0.002), 술 전과 술후 10일에는 유의한 차이가 없었다(p=n.s.). 결론: 이 연구에서는 TND 발생군에서 비발생군에 비해 술후 상대적인 중등도의 과관류가 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 TND의 병태생리를 이해하는 데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

References

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