Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Germination and Growth of Astragalus membranaceus

황기 발아 및 생장에 미치는 감마선 조사 효과

  • Published : 2008.08.30

Abstract

Astragalus membranaceus have used as a medicinal herb and food in Korea. It is limited its harvest by diseases, pests and climate, therefore the main objective of Astragalus membranaceus breeding is the development of varities with the resistance for them. We used mutation breeding to obtain the genetic resources with the resistance for them. Pocheon, the local variety of Astragalus membranaceus, was treated with different levels Y-ray of $100{\sim}600$ Gy. There were investigated the sensitivity on germination and survival rate, plant height and the other characters. Germination rate from 4th day after sowing was significantly decreased above the 300 Gy as compared to the control. Compared to control, the decrements of survival rate were 32, 43, 63, 72, 84 and 89% for 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 Gy, respectively. The sensitive characters to Y-ray were plant height, number of branches per plant and survival rate, and the insensitive characters were number of leaves, length of leaf, and width of leaf. Plant height, number of branches per plant and survival rate seemed to be appropriate characters to decide the radiosensitivity, and radiation doses of $200{\sim}300$ Gy ($LD_{50}$) were recommend for mutation breeding.

황기는 한국의 중요 약용작물로 한약재 및 식품의 용도로 이용되고 있으며. 재배시 가장 중요한 조건은 병해 및 각종 재해 등에 대한 안정성의 확보이다. 본 연구에서는 황기의 돌연변이 육종체계 확립 및 유용변이체를 육성하기 위한 목적으로, Y-선 처리에 의한 발아, 출현 및 생존율 등에 대한 감수성을 구명하여 각종 병해 및 재해에 안정성을 지닌 돌연변이체를 육성하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 하였다. 시험재료로는 포천 재래종을 이용하였고 파종 후 4일째부터의 발아율은 무처리에 비하여 고선량 (300 Gy 이상)에서 유의하게 낮아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 감마선량별 생존율은 무처리 대비 100 Gy 32%, 200Gy 43%, 300 Gy 63%, 400 Gy 이상에서는 72${\sim}$89%로 현저히 감소하였다. 감마선에 민감한 형질은 초장과 분지수였고, 둔감한 형질은 엽폭, 엽장, 엽수의 순으로 나타났으며, 초장, 분지수 및 생존율을 대상으로 한 황기의 생육 및 생존 반감 ($LD_{50}$)에 해당하는 선량은 $200{\sim}300$ Gy로 나타났다. 종합적으로 감마선 처리구의 발아, 생존율 및 생육차이를 감안해 보았을 때 황기 돌연변이 유기를 위한 적정 감마선량은 $200{\sim}300$ Gy로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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