KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Trends of Annual and Monthly FAO Penman-Monteith Reference Evapotranspiration

연별 및 월별 FAO Penman-Monteith 기준증발산 추세 분석

  • 임창수 (청운대학교 철도행정토목학과)
  • Received : 2007.10.15
  • Accepted : 2007.12.07
  • Published : 2008.01.31
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Abstract

The effects of climatic changes owing to urbanization, geographical and topographical conditions on annual and monthly FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO P-M) reference evapotranspiration, and energy and aerodynamic terms of FAO P-M reference evapotranspiration were studied. In this study, 21 climatological stations were selected. The statistical methods applied for trend analysis are Spearman rank test, Sen's test, linear regression analysis and analysis of actual variation ratio. Furthermore, the cluster analysis was applied to cluster 21 study stations by considering the geographical and topographical characteristics of study area. The study results indicate that urbanization affects the trend and amount of FAO P-M reference evapotranspiration, energy term and aerodynamic term; however, the result of Sen's test indicates that urbanization does not significantly affect the magnitude of trend (Sen's slope). The energy term increased at study stations located in coastal area; however, decreased at study stations located in inland area. The topographical slope of study area did not significantly influence on the trend of energy term. The aerodynamic term increased in both coastal area and inland area, indicating much significantly increasing trend in inland area, and it was also affected by the topographical slope of the study area.

본 연구에서는 지리 및 지형적 특성과 도시화에 따른 기후변화가 기준증발산량에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 FAO P-M 기준증발산식을 이용하여 연별 및 각 월별 기준증발산량과 기준증발산식의 에너지항 및 공기동력항 변화추세를 분석하였다. 추세분석을 위하여 전국 21개 연구지역에서 일별 기후자료를 수집하여 Spearman 순위상관분석, Sen분석(Sen's estimator of slope) 그리고 실제변화율분석과 선형회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 또한 도시지역 특성에 따라 21개 연구지역을 군집화하였고, 각 군집에 따른 기준증발산과 기준증발산식의 에너지항 및 공기동력항의 변화를 분석하였다. 연구결과에 의하면 도시화정도는 기준증발산, 에너지항 및 공기동력항의 변화추세 및 크기에 밀접한 영향이 있으나, 변화추세 정도(Sen's slope)에는 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 에너지항의 경우 해안지역에서는 주로 증가추세를 보이는 반면, 내륙지역에서는 일부 월을 제외하고 감소추세를 보이고 있다. 또한 지역 경사도는 에너지항보다는 공기동력항 변화추세 정도(Sen's slope)에 더 큰 영향력을 보이는 것으로 판단된다. 공기동력항의 경우 해안 및 내륙지역에서 증가추세를 보이고 있고, 내륙지역이 해안지역보다 더 큰 공기동력항의 증가추세를 보이고 있다.

Keywords

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