References
- Kock HJ, Pietsch M, Krause U, Wilke H, Eigler FW. Implantable vascular access systems: experience in 1500 patients with totally implanted central venous port systems. World J Surg 1998;22:12-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002689900342
- Kim JT, Oh TY, Chang WH. Complete fracture of totally implantable venous catheter. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;39:946-8.
- Hinke DH, Zandt-Stastny DA, Goodman LR, Quebbeman EJ, Krzywda EA, Andris DA. Pinch off syndrome: a complication of implantable subclavian venous access devices. Radiology 1990;177:353-6. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.177.2.2217768
- Coles CE, Whitear WP, Le Vay JH. Spontaneous fracture and embolization of a central venous catheter: prevention and early detection. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 1998;10:412-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0936-6555(98)80047-2
- Schlangen JT, Debets JMH, Wils JA. The 'pinch-off phenomenon': a radiological symptom for potential fracture of an implanted permanent subclavian catheter system. Eur J Radiol 1995;20:112-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/0720-048X(95)00635-4
- Brian M, Vincent WV, Dianet TK, et al. Pinch off syndrome: case report and collective review of the literature. Am Surg 2004;70:635-44.
- Lenglinger FX, Hartl P, Kirchgatterer A, Lenglinger GM, Baldinger C. Fracture and embolization of a central venous port catheter without prior compression between the clavicle and the 1st rib. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2001;113:134-7.
- Shin BS, Ahn MS. Implantable central venous chemoport: comparison of results according to approach routes and methods. J Korean Radiol Soc 2003;49:165-71. https://doi.org/10.3348/jkrs.2003.49.3.165