Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Characteristics of Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Irrigation in Plastic Film House Using Multivariate Analysis

다변량분석법을 이용한 시설재배지 지하수 수질 특성

  • Kim, Jin-Ho (Division of Environment and Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Chul-Mann (Division of Environment and Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Sik (Division of Environment and Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Yun, Sun-Gang (Division of Environment and Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Taek (Division of Environment and Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Cho, Kwang-Rae (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Lim, Su-Jung (Gangwon-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Choi, Seung-Chul (Gangwon-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Lee, Gyeong-Ja (Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Kwon, Yeu-Seok (Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Kyung, Ki-Chon (Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Uhm, Mi-Jeong (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Kwon (Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Lee, You-Seok (Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Kim, Chan-Yong (Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Lee, Seong-Tae (Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Ryu, Jong-Su (National Institute of Highland Agriculture)
  • 김진호 (농촌진흥청 농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 최철만 (농촌진흥청 농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 이종식 (농촌진흥청 농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 윤순강 (농촌진흥청 농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 이정택 (농촌진흥청 농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 조광래 (경기도 농업기술원) ;
  • 임수정 (강원도 농업기술원) ;
  • 최승출 (강원도 농업기술원) ;
  • 이경자 (충청북도 농업기술원) ;
  • 권의석 (충청북도 농업기술원) ;
  • 경기천 (충청남도 농업기술원) ;
  • 엄미정 (전라북도 농업기술원) ;
  • 김희권 (전라남도 농업기술원) ;
  • 이유석 (전라남도 농업기술원) ;
  • 김찬용 (경상북도 농업기술원) ;
  • 이성태 (경상남도 농업기술원) ;
  • 류종수 (고령지농업연구소)
  • Published : 2008.03.31
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Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to accumulate the fundamental data representing groundwater of plastic film houses by means of water quality and its multivariate statistical analysis. Groundwater samples were collected in every two years since 2000 to 2004 from total 211 sites. According to the result of water quality analysis, ground water quality was suitable for irrigation purpose averagely. Correlation analysis showed that EC was highest positively correlated with $Mg^{2+}$ to 0.810(p<0.01), 0.776(p<0.01) in April and July, respectively. $NO_3-N$ was highest positively correlated with T-N to 0.794(p<0.01) in October. This result shows that it can lead to a different result even in similar case sometimes. Four factors were extracted through factor analysis in April and July, but five factors were extracted in October. The proportions of cumulative variance by the factor were 64.9, 60.2, and 70.7 in April, July, and October, respectively. The first factor was highly related to anions and cations such as $Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+},\;Cl^-,\;{SO_4}^{2-}$, and EC in contrast to that of stream water. According to the cluster analysis, 211 sites are classified into four groups. Common type of ground water quality was shown in group A. The pH and $PO_4-P$ were highest in Group B. The anions and cations were highest in Group C. $COD_{Cr}$ was highest in Group D.

본 연구는 농촌유역 시설재배지에 대한 농업용 지하수의 수질 경향을 파악하여 기초자료로서 이용하고자 하였고, 또한 이들 결과들에 대한 특성을 파악하기 위하여 다변량 분석을 이용하는 등 다각적인 방법을 시도하고자 하였다. 수질분석 결과, 일부 지점에 대하여 한시적으로 농도가 높은 경우는 있었지만, 평균 농도로 볼 때, 농업용수 수질기준에 적합하였고, 농작물에 대한 피해가 없는 비교적 양호한 것으로 조사되었다. 수질항목간의 상관관계는 영농활동 전인 4월과 영농활동기인 7월에는 EC와 $Mg^{2+}$가 각각 0.810(p<0.01), 0.776(p<0.01)으로 가장 높은 양의 상관관계를 보여 EC와 양이온간에는 상관성이 있음을 보여 주었고, 영농활동후인 10월은 $NO_3-N$과 T-N이 0.794(p<0.01)로 가장 높은 양의 상관관계를 보여, 4월과의 상관성 차이가 뚜렷하여 같은 건조기라 할지라도 상이한 결과가 나타날 수 있음을 간접적으로 알 수 있었다. 또한 시설재배지의 지하수 수질에 영향을 주는 인자로 건조기인 4월과 10월에는 4개의 인자가 각각 64.9%, 60.2%의 누적기여율로 추출되었고, 7월의 경우는 5개의 인자가 70.7%로 추출되었는데, 주인자인 제1인자에 속하는 수질항목들이 시기별로 모두 EC, $Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+},\;Cl^-,\;{SO_4}^{2-}$와 같은 양이온 및 음이온들이었으므로 시설재배지에서의 지하수 수질은 이들에 의해 영향을 많이 받고 있는 특성임을 알 수 있었다. 인자점수를 이용한 군집분석 결과4개의 군집으로 분류되었는데, 이들 중 $COD_{Mn}$의 농도가 높고, 평균적인 시설재배지 지하수 수질의 경향을 보이는 149개 지점의 A그룹은 우리나라에서의 일반적인 시설재배지 지하수 수질특성을 보여주고 있다고 할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라 pH와 $PO_4-P$가 높은 41개 지점의 B그룹, 양이온, 음이온, EC가 높은 경향으로 특히 $NH_3-N,\;NO_3-N$, T-N이 높은 16개 지점의 C그룹, 그리고 $COD_{Cr}$이 높은5개 지점의 D그룹으로 분류되어 시설재배지 지하수 수질 특성은 각각 그룹별로 뚜렷하게 구분되고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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