Characterizations of GaN polarity controlled by substrate using the hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) technique

HVPE법으로 성장시킨 GaN 박막의 기판에 따른 극성 특성

  • Published : 2008.06.30

Abstract

Polar and non-polar GaN was grown by the HVPE on various substrates and influence of polarity has been investigated. The $10\;{\mu}m$ thickness GaN were grown by HVPE is along A-plane ($11{\bar{2}}0$), C-plane (0001) and M-Plane ($10{\bar{1}}0$) sapphire substrate respectively. Surface properties were observed by optical microscope and atomic force microscopy. High resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) confirms the wurtzite structure. The donor band exciton peak located at ${\sim}3.4\;eV$ and also located yellow luminescence peak at 2.2 eV. The polarity of the GaN film has a strong influence on the morphology and the optical properties.

HVPE 법에 의해 성장시킨 GaN 박막이 기판에 따라서 극성과 비극성 특성의 변화에 대해 연구하였다. A-plane($11{\bar{2}}0$), C-plane(0001) and M-Plane($10{\bar{1}}0$) 사파이어 기판을 이용하여 $10\;{\mu}m$ 두께의 GaN 박막을 성장하였다. 광학현미경 및 원자력간 현미경(OM, AFM)을 이용해 표면 구조를 관찰하고, HRXD를 통해 이들은 모두 wurtzite 구조를 갖고 C-plane으로 성장시에는, 극성 특성을, A-plane 및 M-plane 성장 시에는 비극성 특성을 가짐을 확인하였으며, Photoluminescence (PL)측정 결과 3.4 eV에서 발광 피크, 2.2 eV에서 yellow luminescence peak를 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. S. Nakamura, M. Senoh, S. Nagahama, N. Iwasa, T. Yamada, T. Matsushita, Y. Sugimoto and H. Kiyoku, "Ridge-geometry InGaN multi-quantum-well-structure laser diodes", Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 (1996) 1477
  2. I. Grzegory, "High pressure growth of bulk GaN from solutions in gallium", J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 13 (2001) 6875 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/13/32/301
  3. T. Takeuchi, S. Sota, M. Katsuragawa, M. Komori, H. Takeuchi, H. Amano and I. Akasaki, "Quantum-confined stark effect due to piezoelectric fields in GaInN strained quantum wells", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2 36 (1997) L382 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.36.L382
  4. D.A.B. Miller, D.C. Chemla, T.C. Damen, A.C. Grossard, W. Wiegmann, T.H. Wood and C. A. Burrus, "Electric field dependence of optical absorption near the band gap of quantum-well structures", Phys. Rev. B 32 (1985) 1043 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.32.1043
  5. F. Bernardini, V. Fiorentini and D. Vanderbilt, "Spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric constants of III-V nitrides", Phys. Rev. B 56 (1997) R10024 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.56.R10024
  6. M.D. Craven, P. Waltereit, F. Wu, J.S. Speck and S.P. DenBaars, "Characterization of a-plane GaN/(Al,Ga)N multiple quantum wells grown via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42 (2003) L235 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.42.L235
  7. A. Chitnis, C. Chen, V. Adivarahan, M. Shatalov, E. Kuokstis, V. Mandavilli, J. Yang and M.A. Khan, "Visible light-emitting diodes using a-plane GaN-InGaN multiple quantum wells over r-plane sapphire", Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 (2004) 3663
  8. S.P.S. Porto and R.A. Krishnan, "Raman effect of corundum", J. Chem. Phys. 47 (1967) 1009 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1711980
  9. B.A. Haskell, F. Wu, S. Matsuda, M.D. Craven, P.T. Fini, S.P. DenBaars, J.S. Speck and S. Nakamura, "Structural and morphological characteristics of planar (110) a-plane gallium nitride grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy", Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 (2003) 1554 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1604174
  10. A. Hirai, B.A. Haskell, M.B. McLaurin, F. Wu, M.C. Schmidt, K.C. Kim, T.J. Baker, S.P. DenBaars, S. Nakamura and J.S. Speck, "Defect-mediated surface morphology of nonpolar m-plane GaN", Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 (2007) 121119 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2715126
  11. B.A. Haskell, A. Chakraborty, F. Wu, H. Sasano, P.T. Fini, S.P. DenBaars, J.S. Speck and S. Nakamura, "Microstructure and enhanced morphology of planar nonpolar m-plane GaN grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy", J. Electron. Mater. 34(4) (2005) 357 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-005-0110-9